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Innovation, imitation et rattrapage en présence de rigidités sur le marché du travail

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  • Lionel Fontagné
  • Jean-Louis Guérin

Abstract

[fre] Innovation, imitation et rattrapage en présence de rigidités sur le marché du travail. . On étudie, dans un cadre théorique majorant les effets de la concurrence des pays à bas salaires, les justifications et l'impact prévisible de l'accord portant sur la propriété intellectuelle signé dans le cadre du GATT. Le Nord, au marché du travail non qualifié rigidifié par un salaire minimum, innove grâce à sa dotation en tra­vail qualifié et à des rentes d'innovation partiellement réinvesties dans une R&D aux résultats certains. Des générations successives de nouvelles variétés sont produites au Nord, puis imitées au Sud. Pour préserver au Nord le système d'indemnisation des chômeurs non qualifiés, la mise en place d'un accord multilatéral sur le respect de la propriété intellectuelle est démontrée supérieure à la fois à l'instauration d'une clause sociale et à un accroissement de la flexibilité du marché du travail. Malheureusement, cette solution, retenue par le GATT, bute sur le problème de la détermination du niveau optimal de facturation de la technologie. [eng] Innovation imitation and catching up in a framework with labour market rigidities. . Motivations for -and effects associated with- the introduction of multilateral rules on Trade Related aspects of Intellectual Property rights in the GATT agree­ment are studied here using a theoretical framework stressing the impact of this « unfair » competition. The North, having a minimum-wage for blue collar wor­kers, innovates thanks to its endowment in white collars workers and to a R&D having predictable results, this R&D being financed by previous technological rents. Generations of new and more productive goods are introduced by the North and imitated by the low wage countries. To warrant the sustainability of the welfare state in high wage countries, the achievement of a multilateral agreement on intellectual property rights is demonstrated to be superior both to a social clause and to a cut in the minimum wage. However, this solution introduced in the GATT agreement runs up against the problem of the absence of optimal pricing for technology.

Suggested Citation

  • Lionel Fontagné & Jean-Louis Guérin, 1997. "Innovation, imitation et rattrapage en présence de rigidités sur le marché du travail," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 48(5), pages 1265-1290.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1997_num_48_5_409940
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1997.409940
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1997.409940
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