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Des conséquences conjoncturelles de la régulation monétaire

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  • Henri Sterdyniak
  • Pierre Villa

Abstract

[eng] The choice of the intermediate target in an overdraft economy. . In recent years, monetary authorities in implementing their policies have selected different monetary or financial aggregates for targetting. This paper studies the consequences of the choice of different financial aggregates as intermediate targets in an overdraf economy : (1) the money stock and the domestic financial assets, (2) their connterpart including financing of the government delit (the domestic counterpart of the central money stock, of the money stock and total domestic assets), (3) their counterpart without incliiding government debts (refinancing of banks by the Central Bank, banks' credit and private domestic borrowing). Only simples rides are considered like : the monetary authorities increase the interest rate iclien the demand for the aggregate increases. The paper pays a special attention to the link between the choice of the financial aggregate and the ability of the corresponding interest rate rule to stabilize output and foreign exchange reserves when the economy faces different shocks on demand, income, domestic and foreign assets demands.. Section I links our analysis to Poole's seminal article and to the vocabulary introduced by B. Friedman. A simple model of an overdraft economy with fixed exchanged rates and imperfect capital mobility is presented in Section II. It allates us to compare the elasticity of the financial aggregates towards the interest rate and to appraise the sabilizing properties of the interest rate rules according to the intermediate target and he kind of the shock. Then we compare ex post transmission on output and reserves when the financial targets are reached, to the optimal policy and to the passive policy (no reaction). This gives some highlights on the choice of the aggregate and on the danger of targetting.. The paper shows that the control of the money stock or the control of the total amount of domestic financial assets are very often destabilizing or perverse for output and reserves (leaning with the wind). Monetary authorities should always better control the domestic loans of the financial sector (e.g. the domestic eounter­part of the money stock instead of the numey stock, total domestic credit instead for domestic financial assets). Theij Should better choose the counterparts exchlding the government debt as monetary targets, if they can control public expenditures and their financing. However, for each aggregate, it can be found shocks which induce the monetary policy to react in a perverse or destabilizing way. [fre] Des consequences conjoncturelles de la regulation monetaire. . Dans les dernières années, de nombreuses banques centrales ont conduit leur politique monétaire de façon à atteindre un certain objectif pour un certain agrégat monétaire ou financier.. Dans le cadre d'un pays de taille moyenne, en change fixe, l'article analyse de façon exhaustive la liaison entre le choix de l'agrégat financier contrôlé et la capacité de la politique monétaire à stabiliser la production et les réserves de change.. La première partie de l'article fait le lien entre notre analyse et celle de l'article célèbre de Poole : elle introduit le vocabulaire utilisé qui s'inspire de B. Friedman. Un modèle simple, quasi comptable, est présenté dans la seconde partie. Il permet d'étudier la sensibilité des agrégats financiers au taux d'intérêt (troisième partie), les propriétés stabilisatrices de la politique monétaire selon l'agrégat contrôlé (quatrième partie) et enfin l'efficacité relative de la stabilisation de chaque agrégat selon la nature des chocs (demande, répartition, chocs financiers et spéculatifs) et le caractère contracyclique de la politique budgétaire et financière de l'Etat (cinquième partie). On montre que le contrôle de la niasse monétaire ou du total des actifs financiers internes (monnaie + titres) est souvent déstabilisant ou pervers (accentue les chocs). Il est toujours préférable de contrôler la composante interne de l'actif des institutions financières plutôt que leur passif (la composante interne de la monnaie centrale ou de la masse monétaire plutôt que la monnaie centrale ou la masse monétaire, les moyens de financement internes plutôt que les actifs financiers internes). Plutôt que les agrégats précédents, il vaut mieux prendre pour objectif des agrégats qui ne contiennent pas l'endettement public (refinancement, crédit bancaire, endettement privé interne en crédit et titres) si les autorités contrôlent bien les dépenses publiques et leur financement. Cependant, pour tous les agrégats étudiés, on peut mettre en évidence des cas où ils induisent des réactions perverses ou déstabilisantes.

Suggested Citation

  • Henri Sterdyniak & Pierre Villa, 1986. "Des conséquences conjoncturelles de la régulation monétaire," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 37(6), pages 963-998.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1986_num_37_6_408952
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    1. Boyer, Russell S, 1978. "Optimal Foreign Exchange Market Intervention," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 86(6), pages 1045-1055, December.
    2. Aftalion, Florin & White, Lawrence J., 1978. "On the choice of immediate monetary targets," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 2(1), pages 1-13, June.
    3. Parkin, Michael, 1978. "A Comparison of Alternative Techniques of Monetary Control under Rational Expectations," The Manchester School of Economic & Social Studies, University of Manchester, vol. 46(3), pages 252-287, September.
    4. William Poole, 1969. "Optimal choice of monetary policy instruments in a simple stochastic macro model," Special Studies Papers 2, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    5. Levy-Garboua, V. & Maarek, G., 1978. "Bank behavior and monetary policy," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 2(1), pages 15-46, June.
    6. Sterdyniak H & Villa Pierre, 1986. "Du bon choix de l'agrégat monétaire," CEPREMAP Working Papers (Couverture Orange) 8607, CEPREMAP.
    7. Papademos, Lucas & Modigliani, Franco, 1983. "Inflation, financial and fiscal structure, and the monetary mechanism," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(1-2), pages 203-250.
    8. Benjamin M. Friedman, 1977. "The Inefficiency of Short-Run Monetary Targets for Monetary Policy," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 8(2), pages 293-346.
    9. Don E. Roper & Stephen J. Turnovsky, 1980. "Optimal Exchange Market Intervention in a Simple Stochastic Macro Model," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 13(2), pages 296-309, May.
    10. William Poole, 1970. "Optimal Choice of Monetary Policy Instruments in a Simple Stochastic Macro Model," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 84(2), pages 197-216.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jérôme Creel & Henri Sterdyniak, 1999. "La politique monétaire sans monnaie," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 70(1), pages 111-153.
    2. repec:hal:wpspec:info:hdl:2441/2961 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Pierre Villa, 1991. "Règles de taux d'intérêt en changes flexibles et en présence de chocs permanents," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 42(5), pages 867-900.
    4. Fabrice Capoen & Henri Sterdyniak & Pierre Villa, 1994. "Indépendance des banques centrales, politiques monétaire et budgétaire : une approche stratégique," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 50(1), pages 65-102.
    5. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/2961 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Charles Lantieri & Pascal Rivière, 1989. "Peut-on estimer la demande d'actifs à partir d'un modèle de portefeuille ?," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 40(1), pages 55-80.
    7. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/5266 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Virginie Coudert & Sanvi Avouyi-Dovi & Michel Boutillier & Richard Topol, 1987. "Les fonctions de réaction des autorités monétaires allemandes, françaises et anglaises," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 19(1), pages 175-188.
    9. Pierre Villa, 2009. "Equivalence entre taxation et permis d'émission échangeables," Working Papers 2009-05, CEPII research center.
    10. repec:spo:wpecon:info:hdl:2441/2961 is not listed on IDEAS

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