International Evidence On Corporate Governance: Lessons For Developing Countries

This paper examines the relation between financial, corporate and legal systems, and economic performance in different countries. It reviews international comparisons that undertake detailed analyses of individual, developed countries and studies that use large, cross-country data banks, including developing countries. While the former do not provide evidence of a clear relation between different types of systems and economic performance, the latter report a strong association of financial development with economic growth. A recent theoretical literature offers a way of reconciling these two sets of studies. It points to a relation between financial/ corporate systems and types of activity with some systems favouring high risk, short-term investments and others promoting long-term, relatively low risk investments. These theories also suggest that systems may be related to stages of economic development. The paper summarizes a first empirical study that reports an association between financial/corporate systems, types of activity and stages of economic development. The paper considers the implications of these relations for the design of financial and corporate systems at different stages of their development. It argues for diversity in systems and regulation that encourages competition between rather than harmonization of systems.