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Welfare optimal reliability and reserve provision in electricity markets with increasing shares of renewable energy sources

Author

Listed:
  • Fridrik Mar Baldursson

    (Reykjavik University)

  • Julia Bellenbaum

    (University Duisburg-Essen)

  • Lenja Niesen

    (University Duisburg-Essen)

  • Christoph Weber

    (University Duisburg-Essen)

Abstract

We develop an analytical model to derive the competitive market equilibrium for electricity spot and reserve markets under uncertain demand and renewable electricity generation. The first-best market equilibrium of the model resembles the result of a centralized co-optimization of the markets involved. We then derive the welfare-optimal provision of reserves. At first-best, cost of reserve capacity is balanced against expected cost of outages. Comparative statics and a numerical application based on German secondary reserve provision imply an increase of reserve provision with a growing share of renewable generation. Furthermore, a growing share of renewable generation decreases the level of reliability as measured in energy not served since required reserves to balance higher expected deviations will be more expensive, resulting in a trade-off between higher reserve costs and costs of energy not served.

Suggested Citation

  • Fridrik Mar Baldursson & Julia Bellenbaum & Lenja Niesen & Christoph Weber, 2022. "Welfare optimal reliability and reserve provision in electricity markets with increasing shares of renewable energy sources," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 62(1), pages 47-79, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:regeco:v:62:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1007_s11149-022-09454-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s11149-022-09454-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paul Joskow & Jean Tirole, 2007. "Reliability and competitive electricity markets," RAND Journal of Economics, RAND Corporation, vol. 38(1), pages 60-84, March.
    2. Just, Sebastian & Weber, Christoph, 2008. "Pricing of reserves: Valuing system reserve capacity against spot prices in electricity markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 30(6), pages 3198-3221, November.
    3. Sebastian Just, 2015. "The german market for system reserve capacity and balancing energy," EWL Working Papers 1506, University of Duisburg-Essen, Chair for Management Science and Energy Economics, revised Aug 2015.
    4. Sebastian Just, 2011. "Appropriate contract durations in the German markets for on-line reserve capacity," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 39(2), pages 194-220, April.
    5. Weber, Christoph, 2010. "Adequate intraday market design to enable the integration of wind energy into the European power systems," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(7), pages 3155-3163, July.
    6. William W. Hogan, 2013. "Electricity Scarcity Pricing Through Operating Reserves," Economics of Energy & Environmental Policy, International Association for Energy Economics, vol. 0(Number 2).
    7. Chao, Hung-Po & Wilson, Robert, 2002. "Multi-dimensional Procurement Auctions for Power Reserves: Robust Incentive-Compatible Scoring and Settlement Rules," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 22(2), pages 161-183, September.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Renewable energy sources; Electricity reserves; Reliability; Electricity market; TSO;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D81 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
    • L52 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Industrial Policy; Sectoral Planning Methods
    • Q41 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Demand and Supply; Prices
    • Q42 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Alternative Energy Sources

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