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Tourism Eco-Efficiency Measurement, Characteristics, and Its Influence Factors in China

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  • Xiaoping Qiu

    (Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

  • Yiping Fang

    (Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
    College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)

  • Xueting Yang

    (Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

  • Fubiao Zhu

    (Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

Abstract

As an emerging field of eco-efficiency, tourism eco-efficiency is becoming an important way to measure the sustainable development of tourism. This study calculated and decomposed tourism CO 2 emissions in China, explored its evolution and distribution characteristics by using the ratio method of tourism eco-efficiency, and analyzed the influencing factors by adopting a regression model. The results indicate that: (1) tourism CO 2 emissions in China have increased significantly, their largest source is transportation. Its characteristics can be divided into carbon emission intensity factor, income structure factor, consumption level factor, and tourist scale factor through utilizing the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method, which also shows that the decisive factor of increased of tourism CO 2 emissions has been the tourist scale factor. (2) Tourism eco-efficiency is marked by spectacular but unstable growth, which can be divided into three stages: inefficient stagnation stage, fluctuating growth stage, and efficient development stage. (3) Tourism eco-efficiency in China has shown that the remarkable high–high cluster and low–low cluster, and the 31 provinces, can be divided into four groups, namely: a high-efficiency high-growth group, a high-efficiency low-growth group, a low-efficiency high-growth group, and a low-efficiency low-growth group. (4) The main influencing factors of tourism eco-efficiency are the scale effect, the structural effect, the technical effect, and the environmental regulation. Since these four factors have different impacts on the tourism eco-efficiency of different groups according to panel data regression, more effective policies should be adopted for the improvement of tourism eco-efficiency in China. Finally, the significances and deficiencies of this study are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaoping Qiu & Yiping Fang & Xueting Yang & Fubiao Zhu, 2017. "Tourism Eco-Efficiency Measurement, Characteristics, and Its Influence Factors in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-19, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:9:y:2017:i:9:p:1634-:d:112002
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    5. Shuxiao Li & Zhanhong Cheng & Yun Tong & Biao He, 2022. "The Interaction Mechanism of Tourism Carbon Emission Efficiency and Tourism Economy High-Quality Development in the Yellow River Basin," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-23, September.
    6. Komang Adi Kurniawan Saputra & Bambang Subroto & Aulia Fuad Rahman & Erwin Saraswati, 2022. "Eco-Efficiency and Energy Audit to Improve Environmental Performance: An Empirical Study of Hotels in Bali-Indonesia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 12(6), pages 175-182, November.
    7. Fayyaz Ahmad & Muhammad Umar Draz & Lijuan Su & Ilhan Ozturk & Abdul Rauf, 2018. "Tourism and Environmental Pollution: Evidence from the One Belt One Road Provinces of Western China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-22, September.
    8. Yiyang Sun & Guolin Hou & Zhenfang Huang & Yi Zhong, 2020. "Spatial-Temporal Differences and Influencing Factors of Tourism Eco-Efficiency in China’s Three Major Urban Agglomerations Based on the Super-EBM Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-21, May.
    9. Qunli Tang & Qianqian Wang & Tiancai Zhou, 2022. "Driving Forces of Tourism Carbon Decoupling: A Case Study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-14, July.
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