IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i3p1124-d728287.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Urbanization, Economic Development, and Ecological Environment: Evidence from Provincial Panel Data in China

Author

Listed:
  • Xiaofu Chen

    (College of Economics and Management, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors.)

  • Chang Liu

    (College of Economics and Management, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors.)

  • Xiaohua Yu

    (Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany)

Abstract

The relationship between urbanization and the ecological environment is not conclusive in the literature. We used the provincial data from China from 1998 to 2019 to empirically study the relationship between the urbanization ratio and ecological environment which is proxied by the NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) from the remote sensing data. The results indicate that the coefficient of the interaction between urbanization and per capita GDP is statistically significant and negative (−0.0946), while the coefficient of urbanization itself is very trivial and not statistically significant. It implies that urbanization could reduce ecological quality, particularly for the high-income regions. The higher the urbanization ratio is, the larger the negative impact is. It implies that urban expansion does reduce the ecological environment. The effect of economic development level on the NDVI can be divided into three stages: the one where the NDVI improves with the increase of GDP per capita (urbanization rate of less than 77.59%), the one where the value of the NDVI is not affected by the level of GDP per capita (urbanization rate equal to 77.59%), and the one where the NDVI decreases with the increase of GDP per capita (urbanization rate of more than 77.59%).

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaofu Chen & Chang Liu & Xiaohua Yu, 2022. "Urbanization, Economic Development, and Ecological Environment: Evidence from Provincial Panel Data in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:1124-:d:728287
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/3/1124/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/3/1124/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yu, Xiaohua & Abler, David, 2010. "Incorporating zero and missing responses into CVM with open-ended bidding: willingness to pay for blue skies in Beijing," Environment and Development Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 15(5), pages 535-556, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Dongmei Shi & Lili Ren & Hongyu Li & Haizhen Zhang & Rufei Zhang, 2023. "Analysis of the Spatial Differentiation and Promotion Potential for Agricultural Eco-Efficiency—Evidence of Pollution’s Strong Disposability," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-20, January.
    2. Haobei Liu & Qi Wang & Na Liu & Hengrui Zhang & Yifei Tan & Zhe Zhang, 2023. "The Impact of Land Use/Cover Change on Ecological Environment Quality and Its Spatial Spillover Effect under the Coupling Effect of Urban Expansion and Open-Pit Mining Activities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-24, October.
    3. Qingwen Li & Guangxi Yan & Chengming Yu, 2022. "A Novel Multi-Factor Three-Step Feature Selection and Deep Learning Framework for Regional GDP Prediction: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-21, April.
    4. Ionuț-Adrian Drăguleasa & Amalia Niță & Mirela Mazilu & Gheorghe Curcan, 2023. "Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Trends of Major Agricultural Crops in Romania Using Interactive Geographic Information System Mapping," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-25, October.
    5. Nattapong Puttanapong & Amornrat Luenam & Pit Jongwattanakul, 2022. "Spatial Analysis of Inequality in Thailand: Applications of Satellite Data and Spatial Statistics/Econometrics," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-25, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mandy Ryan & Emmanouil Mentzakis & Catriona Matheson & Christine Bond, 2020. "Survey modes comparison in contingent valuation: Internet panels and mail surveys," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(2), pages 234-242, February.
    2. Agnieszka Mandziuk & Dagmara Stangierska & Beata Fornal-Pieniak & Jerzy Gębski & Barbara Żarska & Marta Kiraga, 2022. "Preferences of Young Adults concerning the Pocket Parks with Water Reservoirs in the Aspect of Willingness to Pay (WTP) in Warsaw City, Poland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-13, April.
    3. Xiaohua Yu & Binjian Yan & Zhifeng Gao, 2014. "Can willingness-to-pay values be manipulated? Evidence from an organic food experiment in China," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 45(S1), pages 119-127, November.
    4. Blackman, Allen & Qin, Ping & Yang, Jun, 2020. "How costly are driving restrictions? Contingent valuation evidence from Beijing," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 104(C).
    5. Moritz A. Drupp, 2018. "Limits to Substitution Between Ecosystem Services and Manufactured Goods and Implications for Social Discounting," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 69(1), pages 135-158, January.
    6. Stefan Baumgärtner & Alexandra Klein & Denise Thiel & Klara Winkler, 2015. "Ramsey Discounting of Ecosystem Services," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 61(2), pages 273-296, June.
    7. Bigerna, Simona & Choudhary, Piyush & Kumar Jain, Nikunj & Micheli, Silvia & Polinori, Paolo, 2022. "Avoiding unanticipated power outages: households’ willingness to pay in India," MPRA Paper 114160, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Ghosh, Ranjan & Goyal, Yugank & Rommel, Jens & Sagebiel, Julian, 2017. "Are small firms willing to pay for improved power supply? Evidence from a contingent valuation study in India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 659-665.
    9. Ahlheim, Michael & Frör, Oliver & Nguyen Minh Duc & Rehl, Antonia & Siepmann, Ute & Pham Van Dinh, 2017. "Labour as a utility measure reconsidered," Hohenheim Discussion Papers in Business, Economics and Social Sciences 03-2017, University of Hohenheim, Faculty of Business, Economics and Social Sciences.
    10. Xuhui Wang & Asad Hassan Butt & Qilin Zhang & Muhammad Nouman Shafique & Hassaan Ahmad & Zahid Nawaz, 2020. "Gaming Avatar Can Influence Sustainable Healthy Lifestyle: Be Like an Avatar," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-22, March.
    11. Lazarus MUCHABAIWA & Lloyd CHIGUSIWA & Samuel BINDU & Victoria MUDAVANHU & David DAMIYANO & Bongani Edwin MUSHANYURI, 2017. "Feasibility and Sustainability of Community Based Health Insurance in Rural Areas Case Study of Musana, Zimbabwe," Expert Journal of Finance, Sprint Investify, vol. 5, pages 73-85.
    12. Blankenship, Brian & Wong, Jason Chun Yu & Urpelainen, Johannes, 2019. "Explaining willingness to pay for pricing reforms that improve electricity service in India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 459-469.
    13. Yu, Xiaohua & Gao, Zhifeng & Zeng, Yinchu, 2014. "Willingness to pay for the “Green Food” in China," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 80-87.
    14. Kiran Krishnamurthy, Chandra & Kriström, Bengt, 2013. "Determinants of the price-premium for Green Energy: Evidence from an OECD cross-section," CERE Working Papers 2013:7, CERE - the Center for Environmental and Resource Economics, revised 30 Jun 2014.
    15. Chandra Kiran B. Krishnamurthy & Bengt Kriström, 2016. "Determinants of the Price-Premium for Green Energy: Evidence from an OECD Cross-Section," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 64(2), pages 173-204, June.
    16. Tian, Xu & Yu, Xiaohua & Holst, Rainer, 2011. "Applying the payment card approach to estimate the WTP for green food in China," IAMO Forum 2011: Will the "BRICs Decade" Continue? – Prospects for Trade and Growth 23, Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Central and Eastern Europe (IAMO).
    17. Levison S. Chiwaula & Gowokani Chijere Chirwa & Lucy S. Binauli & James Banda & Joseph Nagoli, 2018. "Gender differences in willingness to pay for capital-intensive agricultural technologies: the case of fish solar tent dryers in Malawi," Agricultural and Food Economics, Springer;Italian Society of Agricultural Economics (SIDEA), vol. 6(1), pages 1-15, December.
    18. AHMED, Musa H. & MELESSE, Kumilachew A. & TEREFE, Aemro T., 2015. "Valuing Soil Conservation Practices Using Contingent Valuation Technique: Evidence From The Central Rift Valley Of Ethiopia," Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics (RAAE), Faculty of Economics and Management, Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, vol. 18(2), pages 1-11, October.
    19. Broberg, Thomas & Kazukauskas, Andrius, 2014. "Inefficiencies in residential use of energy - A critical overview of literature and energy efficiency policies in EU and Sweden," CERE Working Papers 2014:7, CERE - the Center for Environmental and Resource Economics.
    20. Liu, L-Q. & Yin, Z-L. & Xie, B-C. & Zhou, W., 2020. "Willingness to Pay for Better Air Quality: The case of China," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 2042, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:3:p:1124-:d:728287. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.