IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i16p10184-d889838.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Factors That Influence Travelers’ Willingness to Adopt Bus Rapid Transit (Green Line) Service in Karachi

Author

Listed:
  • Rabia Soomro

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro 76062, Sindh, Pakistan)

  • Irfan Ahmed Memon

    (Department of City and Regional Planning, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro 76062, Sindh, Pakistan)

  • Agha Faisal Habib Pathan

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro 76062, Sindh, Pakistan)

  • Waqas Ahmed Mahar

    (Department of Architecture, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS), Airport Road, Baleli, Quetta 87300, Balochistan, Pakistan)

  • Noman Sahito

    (Department of City and Regional Planning, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro 76062, Sindh, Pakistan)

  • Zulfiqar Ali Lashari

    (Department of City and Regional Planning, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro 76062, Sindh, Pakistan)

Abstract

Bus rapid transit (BRT) system is a sustainable mode choice alternative and traffic management method for traffic congestion problems in urban areas. As an extent of total demand management, BRT has broadly been implemented in many countries. BRT has proven to be progressive in alleviating traffic congestion and the difficulty of finding parking spaces in city centers. Currently, people driving their automobiles to work cause traffic congestion along Karachi’s main corridors. People cannot be persuaded to use public transit until their travel patterns are understood. Therefore, the disparity between public and private transportation must be addressed. This research aimed to develop a model to shift car travelers toward Karachi’s Green Line BRT and investigate the factors that influence car travelers’ decisions. A questionnaire-based survey was carried out on single-occupant vehicle (SOV) users in the Green Line corridor of Karachi. This study investigated the elements that influence SOV users’ willingness to adopt the BRT system and studied the possible ways of attracting car drivers to BRT. Data were examined using descriptive-analytic techniques such as the contingency table approach in conjunction with a Chi-square test of the independence/association model in SPSS. Furthermore, binary logistic regression was applied to the highly mediated associated variables. The research’s outcomes were geared at the imposition of parking fees at workplaces to deter individuals from parking their automobiles there. SOV travelers can be diverted to BRT services using this strategy. The research findings will assist policymakers and serve as a foundation for scientific investigations on the travel demand model for the BRT system.

Suggested Citation

  • Rabia Soomro & Irfan Ahmed Memon & Agha Faisal Habib Pathan & Waqas Ahmed Mahar & Noman Sahito & Zulfiqar Ali Lashari, 2022. "Factors That Influence Travelers’ Willingness to Adopt Bus Rapid Transit (Green Line) Service in Karachi," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-35, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:16:p:10184-:d:889838
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/16/10184/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/16/10184/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gakenheimer, Ralph, 1999. "Urban mobility in the developing world," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 33(7-8), pages 671-689.
    2. Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah & Monib Shahzad & Naveed Ahmad & Abdullah Zamad & Sabahat Hussan & Muhammad Asif Aslam & Ahsan Rehman Khan & Muhammad Abdullah Asif & Gullnaz Shahzadi & Muhammad Waseem, 2020. "Performance Evaluation of Bus Rapid Transit System: A Comparative Analysis of Alternative Approaches for Energy Efficient Eco-Friendly Public Transport System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-15, March.
    3. Ahmed, Qureshi Intikhab & Lu, Huapu & Ye, Shi, 2008. "Urban transportation and equity: A case study of Beijing and Karachi," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 125-139, January.
    4. Muhammad Nadeem & Muhammad Azam & Muhammad Asim & Muhammad Ahmad Al-Rashid & Othman Che Puan & Tiziana Campisi, 2021. "Does Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) Meet the Citizens’ Mobility Needs? Evaluating Performance for the Case of Multan, Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-18, June.
    5. Weichuan Yin & Yingqun Zhang, 2020. "Identification Method for Optimal Urban Bus Corridor Location," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-22, September.
    6. Tia D. INSANI & Wiwandari HANDAYANI & Mega F. K. ASTUTI & Kami H. BASUKI & Bagus H. SETIADJI, 2021. "A Performance Study Of Bus Rapid Transit Lite: Toward A Resilient Semarang City," Transport Problems, Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Transport, vol. 16(3), pages 105-118, September.
    7. Irfan Ahmed Memon & Saima Kalwar & Noman Sahito & Mir Aftab Hussain Talpur & Imtiaz Ahmed Chandio & Madzlan Napiah & Hasan Tayyeb, 2021. "Mode Choice Modeling to Shift Car Travelers towards Park and Ride Service in the City Centre of Karachi," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-26, May.
    8. Muhammad Yousif Mangi & Zhang Yue & Saima Kalwar & Zulfiqar Ali Lashari, 2020. "Comparative Analysis of Urban Development Trends of Beijing and Karachi Metropolitan Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-28, January.
    9. Andrés E. Díez & Mauricio Restrepo, 2021. "A Planning Method for Partially Grid-Connected Bus Rapid Transit Systems Operating with In-Motion Charging Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-22, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Teqi Dai & Tiantian Ding & Qingfang Liu & Bingxin Liu, 2022. "Node Centrality Comparison between Bus Line and Passenger Flow Networks in Beijing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-14, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhao, Pengjun, 2014. "Private motorised urban mobility in China’s large cities: the social causes of change and an agenda for future research," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 53-63.
    2. Muhammad Ashraf Javid & Nazam Ali & Tiziana Campisi & Giovanni Tesoriere & Krisada Chaiyasarn, 2022. "Influence of Social Constraints, Mobility Incentives, and Restrictions on Commuters’ Behavioral Intentions and Moral Obligation towards the Metro-Bus Service in Lahore," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-19, February.
    3. Jones, Steven & Tefe, Moses & Appiah-Opoku, Seth, 2013. "Proposed framework for sustainability screening of urban transport projects in developing countries: A case study of Accra, Ghana," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 21-34.
    4. Zhang, Mengzhu & He, Shenjing & Zhao, Pengjun, 2018. "Revisiting inequalities in the commuting burden: Institutional constraints and job-housing relationships in Beijing," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 58-71.
    5. Irfan Ahmed Memon & Noman Sahito & Saima Kalwar & Jinsoo Hwang & Madzlan Napiah & Muhammad Zaly Shah, 2021. "Choice Modelling of a Car Traveler towards Park-and-Ride Services in Putrajaya to Create Green Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-25, July.
    6. Pengjun Zhao, 2015. "The determinants of the commuting burden of low-income workers: evidence from Beijing," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 47(8), pages 1736-1755, August.
    7. S. R. Milyakin, 2023. "Motorization: History, Factors and Patterns," Studies on Russian Economic Development, Springer, vol. 34(2), pages 254-262, April.
    8. Daniel Oviedo & Lynn Scholl & Marco Innao & Lauramaria Pedraza, 2019. "Do Bus Rapid Transit Systems Improve Accessibility to Job Opportunities for the Poor? The Case of Lima, Peru," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-24, May.
    9. Kutzbach, Mark J., 2009. "Motorization in developing countries: Causes, consequences, and effectiveness of policy options," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(2), pages 154-166, March.
    10. Tirachini, Alejandro & Proost, Stef, 2021. "Transport taxes and subsidies in developing countries: The effect of income inequality aversion," Economics of Transportation, Elsevier, vol. 25(C).
    11. Souche, Stéphanie, 2009. "Un exemple d’estimation de la demande de transport urbain," Revue d'économie régionale et urbaine, Editions NecPlus, vol. 2009(04), pages 759-779, December.
    12. Liu, Tie-Ying & Su, Chi-Wei, 2021. "Is transportation improving urbanization in China?," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    13. Poudenx, Pascal, 2008. "The effect of transportation policies on energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission from urban passenger transportation," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 42(6), pages 901-909, July.
    14. Mougeot Michel & Schwartz Sonia, 2018. "A Discriminatory Mechanism to Reduce Urban Congestion," German Economic Review, De Gruyter, vol. 19(2), pages 190-208, May.
    15. Salma Hamza & Imran Khan & Linlin Lu & Hua Liu & Farkhunda Burke & Syed Nawaz-ul-Huda & Muhammad Fahad Baqa & Aqil Tariq, 2021. "The Relationship between Neighborhood Characteristics and Homicide in Karachi, Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-14, May.
    16. Massingue, Suzanna Allen & Oviedo, Daniel, 2021. "Walkability and the Right to the city: A snapshot critique of pedestrian space in Maputo, Mozambique," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    17. Armando Cartenì & Ilaria Henke & Clorinda Molitierno & Luigi Di Francesco, 2020. "Strong Sustainability in Public Transport Policies: An e-Mobility Bus Fleet Application in Sorrento Peninsula (Italy)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-19, August.
    18. Souche, Stéphanie, 2010. "Measuring the structural determinants of urban travel demand," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 17(3), pages 127-134, May.
    19. Batara Surya & Agus Salim & Hernita Hernita & Seri Suriani & Firman Menne & Emil Salim Rasyidi, 2021. "Land Use Change, Urban Agglomeration, and Urban Sprawl: A Sustainable Development Perspective of Makassar City, Indonesia," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-31, May.
    20. Timilsina, Govinda R. & Dulal, Hari B., 2008. "Fiscal policy instruments for reducing congestion and atmospheric emissions in the transport sector : a review," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4652, The World Bank.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:16:p:10184-:d:889838. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.