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Symmetric and Asymmetric Impacts of Commercial Energy Distribution from Key Sources on Economic Progress in Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Abdul Rehman

    (College of Economics and Management, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Rasim Ozcan

    (Department of Economics, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ibn Haldun University, Istanbul 34480, Turkey)

  • Waqar Badshah

    (Department of Economics, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ibn Haldun University, Istanbul 34480, Turkey)

  • Magdalena Radulescu

    (Department of Finance, Accounting and Economics, University of Pitesti, Str. Targu din Vale, no. 1, 110040 Pitesti, Romania
    Institute for Doctoral and Post-Doctoral Studies, University Lucian Blaga of Sibiu, Bd. Victoriei, no. 10, 550024 Sibiu, Romania)

  • Ilhan Ozturk

    (Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Cag University, Mersin 33800, Turkey
    Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 406040, Taiwan)

Abstract

This paper aims to determine the interaction of commercial energy distribution, including the installed capacity of hydroelectric energy, hydroelectric energy generation, the installed capacity of thermal energy, thermal energy generation, the installed capacity of nuclear energy, and nuclear energy generation, with economic progress in Pakistan over the 1970–2019 period. Both linear and non-linear autoregressive distributed lag models were used to ascertain the symmetric and asymmetric short- and long-run effects. The findings from the linear autoregressive distributed lag model analysis revealed evidence that increases in the installed capacity of nuclear energy, alongside higher levels of hydroelectric energy generation and thermal energy generation, have positively affected economic growth in the short run, while a greater installed capacity of nuclear energy has positively affected economic growth in the long run. The findings from the non-linear autoregressive distributed lag model analysis showed that negative shocks to installed capacities related to hydroelectric, thermal, and nuclear energy reduced economic growth, while positive shocks to hydroelectric energy generation and the installed capacity of nuclear energy boosted economic growth in the short run. Furthermore, in the long run, negative shocks to the installed capacities of hydroelectric and thermal energy reduced economic growth, negative shocks to the installed capacity of nuclear energy enhanced economic growth, and positive shocks to hydroelectric energy generation and the installed capacity of nuclear energy have stimulated economic growth in Pakistan.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdul Rehman & Rasim Ozcan & Waqar Badshah & Magdalena Radulescu & Ilhan Ozturk, 2021. "Symmetric and Asymmetric Impacts of Commercial Energy Distribution from Key Sources on Economic Progress in Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-22, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:22:p:12670-:d:680434
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    1. Abdul Rehman & Laura Mariana Cismas & Maria Daniela Otil, 2022. "Electrical Energy Dilemma and CO 2 Emission in Pakistan: Decomposing the Positive and Negative Shocks by Using an Asymmetric Technique," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-16, July.

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