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Organochlorine Pesticides in Sediment of Zhang River Estuary Mangrove National Natural Reserve: The Implication of Its Source Change in China’s Mangroves

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  • Kai Chen

    (Coastal and Ocean Management Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
    Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
    College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

  • Minggang Cai

    (Coastal and Ocean Management Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
    Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
    College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
    State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

  • Yun Wang

    (College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

  • Bin Chen

    (Coastal and Ocean Management Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

  • Xiaomeng Li

    (College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

  • Canrong Qiu

    (College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

  • Shuiying Huang

    (Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

  • Jionghui Sun

    (College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

  • Xiaoyan Liu

    (College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

  • Bihua Qian

    (College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

  • Hongwei Ke

    (College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China)

Abstract

Seventeen organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were examined in surface sediments from Zhang River Estuary Mangrove National Natural Reserve, which is situated in the Fujian province in southeast China. The range of ∑OCPs concentration was 0.29–25.41 ng/g dry weight (average 4.53 ng/g), ∑HCHs was 0.008–0.906 ng/g dry weight (average 0.240 ng/g), and ∑DDTs was ND–4.743 (average 0.664 ng/g). The concentrations of the HCH isomers were observed in the following decreasing order: α-HCH > β-HCH > δ-HCH > γ-HCH, and that of the DDT isomers were as in the following order: p , p ’-DDT > p , p ’-DDE > p , p ’-DDD. According to the analysis of the isomer ratios, γ-HCH (lindane) and endosulfan were rarely used recently around this mangrove forest. Instead, the ratios of (DDD+DDE)/DDT showed that DDTs were still illegally used. Compared with other mangroves in China, the residue level and ecological risk of the OCPs in surface sediment from ZREMNNR are both at a low level. Based on stepwise regression analysis, current fruit planting, as well as mariculture in developed areas and vegetable planting in developing areas, had a positive relation with DDT residues in mangrove sediment in China. Oppositely, HCH residues in mangrove sediment were derived from historical consumption, and generally the higher levels occurred in the developed areas. Through this study, we help to close the knowledge gap of OCPs in China’s mangroves and provide a possible management implication for sustainable development in the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Kai Chen & Minggang Cai & Yun Wang & Bin Chen & Xiaomeng Li & Canrong Qiu & Shuiying Huang & Jionghui Sun & Xiaoyan Liu & Bihua Qian & Hongwei Ke, 2020. "Organochlorine Pesticides in Sediment of Zhang River Estuary Mangrove National Natural Reserve: The Implication of Its Source Change in China’s Mangroves," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-18, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:7:p:3016-:d:343358
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