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The Trivariate Causality among Education, Health, and Economic Growth in Zimbabwe

Author

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  • Michael Takudzwa Pasara

    (Economic and Management Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Butterworth 4960, South Africa)

  • Tapiwa Kelvin Mutambirwa

    (UNICEF Malawi, P.O. Box 30375, Lilongwe, Malawi)

  • Nolutho Diko

    (Faculty of Education, Walter Sisulu University, Butterworth 4960, South Africa)

Abstract

This study investigated the causality among education, health, and economic growth in Zimbabwe. Causality effects are a thinly explored area in literature, with most studies focusing on bidirectional relationships. Granger causality tests were employed in a Vector autoregressive (VAR) model. Results showed that education Granger causes health improvements, with health improvements in turn fairly associating to Granger cause economic growth in Zimbabwe. Thus, the effect of education on economic growth is not direct, but works through improved health, pointing to the conclusion that health is a transmission mechanism through which education drives economic growth. No feedback effect was established from health to education and from economic growth to education and health. Thus, results suggest the need for a holistic policy approach which integrates education and health policies in a bid to drive economic growth, since education has no effect on economic growth in its own domain, but through health.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Takudzwa Pasara & Tapiwa Kelvin Mutambirwa & Nolutho Diko, 2020. "The Trivariate Causality among Education, Health, and Economic Growth in Zimbabwe," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:1357-:d:319877
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Olatunji A. Shobande & Simplice A. Asongu, 2021. "Has Knowledge Improved Economic Growth? Evidence from Nigeria and South Africa," Working Papers 21/059, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS).
    3. Michael Takudzwa Pasara & Steven Henry Dunga, 2022. "Value Chains And Climate Change Mitigation Strategies: A Case Of Nutritional Gardens In Zimbabwe," Eurasian Journal of Business and Management, Eurasian Publications, vol. 10(1), pages 62-75.

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