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Foliar Fertilizer Based on Calcined Bones, Boron and Molybdenum—A Study on the Development and Potential Effects on Maize Grain Production

Author

Listed:
  • Maciej Balawejder

    (Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, University of Rzeszow, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Natalia Matłok

    (Department of Food and Agriculture Production Engineering, University of Rzeszow, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Józef Gorzelany

    (Department of Food and Agriculture Production Engineering, University of Rzeszow, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Marcin Pieniążek

    (Department of Soil Sciences, Environmental Chemistry and Hydrology, University of Rzeszow, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Piotr Antos

    (Department of Computer Engineering in Management, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland)

  • Grzegorz Witek

    (Dr Green Sp. Z.o.o., 32-500 Chrzanów, Poland)

  • Małgorzata Szostek

    (Department of Soil Sciences, Environmental Chemistry and Hydrology, University of Rzeszow, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland)

Abstract

Phosphorus is a biogenic element with a high importance within the food chain. Regrettably, there are limited amounts of phosphorus within minerals naturally occurring in the environment. Its scarcity leads to a necessity of closed loop economy, where this element could be obtained by the processing of various waste materials. Modern agriculture needs to provide sufficient amounts of phosphorus to plant organisms encountering problems with the bioavailability of nutrition. In this research, a post-processed animal waste material (calcined bone) was utilized to reclaim phosphorus and reintroduce it into the environment in a form of foliar fertilizer. The calcined bones were subjected to chemical transformation with nitric acid solution. The solubilization of bones was followed by laboratory-scale pot experiments, in which the fertilizer was used for the cultivation of maize plants. In the field experiments, the fertilizer was additionally fortified with boron and molybdenum elements. It was observed that the utilization of the fertilizer had a positive impact on maize plants, i.e., improvement in the biomass production of aboveground and underground parts of the plants. The amount of chlorophyll increased in comparison to control plants. Maize grain production was increased by approximately 600 kg ha −1 ).

Suggested Citation

  • Maciej Balawejder & Natalia Matłok & Józef Gorzelany & Marcin Pieniążek & Piotr Antos & Grzegorz Witek & Małgorzata Szostek, 2019. "Foliar Fertilizer Based on Calcined Bones, Boron and Molybdenum—A Study on the Development and Potential Effects on Maize Grain Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-12, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:19:p:5287-:d:270724
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dawson, C.J. & Hilton, J., 2011. "Fertiliser availability in a resource-limited world: Production and recycling of nitrogen and phosphorus," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(Supplemen), pages 14-22, January.
    2. Andrea Ehmann & Inga-Mareike Bach & Sukhanes Laopeamthong & Jennifer Bilbao & Iris Lewandowski, 2017. "Can Phosphate Salts Recovered from Manure Replace Conventional Phosphate Fertilizer?," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 7(1), pages 1-20, January.
    3. Dawson, C.J. & Hilton, J., 2011. "Fertiliser availability in a resource-limited world: Production and recycling of nitrogen and phosphorus," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(S1), pages 14-22.
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    Cited by:

    1. Efthymios Rodias & Eirini Aivazidou & Charisios Achillas & Dimitrios Aidonis & Dionysis Bochtis, 2020. "Water-Energy-Nutrients Synergies in the Agrifood Sector: A Circular Economy Framework," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-17, December.
    2. Natalia Matłok & Oskar Basara & Miłosz Zardzewiały & Józef Gorzelany & Maciej Balawejder, 2021. "Effectiveness of a Complex Fertilisation Technology Applied to Zea mays , Assessed Based on Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODI," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-12, August.
    3. Milan Brankov & Milena Simić & Željko Dolijanović & Miloš Rajković & Violeta Mandić & Vesna Dragičević, 2020. "The Response of Maize Lines to Foliar Fertilizing," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-12, August.
    4. Maciej Balawejder & Małgorzata Szostek & Józef Gorzelany & Piotr Antos & Grzegorz Witek & Natalia Matłok, 2020. "A Study on the Potential Fertilization Effects of Microgranule Fertilizer Based on the Protein and Calcined Bones in Maize Cultivation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-11, February.

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