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Influence of Social Adversity on Perceived Health Status and Depressive Symptoms among Portuguese Older People

Author

Listed:
  • Joana Sampaio

    (Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal)

  • Ana Henriques

    (Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
    EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal)

  • Elisabete Ramos

    (Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
    EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
    Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal)

  • Isabel Dias

    (Instituto de Sociologia, Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, Via Panorâmica, s/n, 4150-564 Porto, Portugal)

  • Alexandra Lopes

    (Instituto de Sociologia, Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, Via Panorâmica, s/n, 4150-564 Porto, Portugal)

  • Sílvia Fraga

    (Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
    EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
    Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal)

Abstract

This study aims to investigate how exposure to poverty, food insecurity, and abuse at older ages relates to health outcomes. A questionnaire collecting data on sociodemographic and economic characteristics, health status, depressive symptoms, food insecurity, and abuse was administered to a sample of 677 older adults. Logistic regression was used to quantify the association of poverty, food insecurity, and abuse with perceived health status and depressive symptoms. If the older person only reported experiences of abuse, it was more likely to report the presence of depressive symptoms, even after adjustment for covariates. If it was only reported the experience of food insecurity, it was more likely to report a worse health status. Older people exposed to at least two factors of vulnerability were significantly more likely to report (very) poor perceived health status (OR: 7.11, 95% CI: 2.77–18.25) and the presence of relevant depressive symptoms (OR: 4.34; 95% CI: 2.04–9.22). Thus, the combined effect of vulnerabilities was significantly associated with worse health among older people. Public health policies to mitigate these adverse exposures should be developed to promote health and well-being in this population.

Suggested Citation

  • Joana Sampaio & Ana Henriques & Elisabete Ramos & Isabel Dias & Alexandra Lopes & Sílvia Fraga, 2022. "Influence of Social Adversity on Perceived Health Status and Depressive Symptoms among Portuguese Older People," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-12, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:11:p:6355-:d:822399
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jung Sun Lee & Edward A. Frongillo Jr., 2001. "Factors Associated With Food Insecurity Among U.S. Elderly Persons," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 56(2), pages 94-99.
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    3. Charlotte Moser & Jacques Spagnoli & Brigitte Santos-Eggimann, 2011. "Self-Perception of Aging and Vulnerability to Adverse Outcomes at the Age of 65--70 Years," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 66(6), pages 675-680.
    4. Coleman-Jensen, Alisha & Rabbitt, Matthew P. & Gregory, Christian A. & Singh, Anita, 2017. "Household Food Security in the United States in 2016," Economic Research Report 291968, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    5. Levinsky, Michal & Schiff, Miriam, 2021. "Lifetime cumulative adversity and physical health deterioration in old age: Evidence from a fourteen-year longitudinal study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    6. Janette Leroux & Kathryn Morrison & Mark Rosenberg, 2018. "Prevalence and Predictors of Food Insecurity among Older People in Canada," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-17, November.
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    1. Víctor-Raúl López-Ruiz & José Luis Alfaro-Navarro & Nuria Huete-Alcocer & Domingo Nevado-Peña, 2022. "Psychological and Social Vulnerability in Spaniards’ Quality of Life in the Face of COVID-19: Age and Gender Results," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-16, August.

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