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Flessibilit? e soddisfazione per il lavoro: Una riflessione generale

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  • Giorgio Liotti
  • Marco Musella

Abstract

Negli ultimi venticinque anni, l?Italia ha profondamente modificato il quadro delle regole generali alla base del funzionamento del mercato del lavoro (Blan-chard et al., 2014; Bassanini e Duval, 2006; O?Higgins, 2012; Dutt et al., 2015; Brancaccio et al., 2018; Arestis and Gonz?lez-Mart?nez, 2015; Liotti, 2020; 2021). Con l?obiettivo dichiarato di favorire l?aumento dell?occupazione e l?ingresso dei giovani nel mondo del lavoro, si sono - di fatto - applicate ricette di stampo neoliberista che hanno progressivamente portato ad una maggiore flessibilizzazione del mercato del lavoro. Uno dei problemi che non ci risulta sia stato analizzato dagli studiosi del mercato del lavoro ? l?impatto di questo cambiamento di regole sul rapporto di "fiducia" tra imprenditori e lavoratori. In altre parole, come l?introduzione delle politi-che di flessibilit?, che hanno reso via via il lavoro pi? instabile e precario, ha influito sulla sinergia tra lavoratore ed imprenditore, sinergia che rappresenta (come teo-rizzato da un filone interessante della letteratura sugli efficiency wages della teoria New-keynesian) uno dei pilastri del successo dell?impresa capitalista (per una ras-segna di questi modelli degli anni 80, si veda Jossa-Musella, 1996, cap. 20). Lo scopo di questo lavoro ? iniziare a colmare questa lacuna, analizzando la dinamica del rapporto tra flessibilit? del mercato del lavoro e "soddisfazione" per il lavoro (come proxy della fiducia dei lavorati nell?impresa) in Italia nel periodo compreso tra il 2001 e il 2018. Facendo uso della semplice statistica descrittiva (senza la presunzione di voler dare risposte semplici ad un tema cos? complicato, sia dal punto di vista teorico che empirico), si possono sottolineare due risultati principali: i) considerando il periodo 2001-2008, ad una maggiore flessibilit? del mercato del lavoro si associa una repentina riduzione della soddisfazione dei lavo-ratori; ii) analizzando invece il periodo 2009-2018, tale relazione inversa sembra svanire. Gi? solo questa evidenza testimonia che le questioni da approfondire sono diverse e interessanti: si tratta, per esempio, non solo di studiare in modo pi? ap-profondito la relazione astratta tra flessibilit? del mercato del lavoro e soddisfa-zione per il lavoro bens?, anche di indagare sui fattori economici, sociali e politici che sono alla base del mutamento dinamico del trend nei due diversi periodi considerati e, anche, ad esempio, di comprenderne l?impatto sulla produttivit?.

Suggested Citation

  • Giorgio Liotti & Marco Musella, 2021. "Flessibilit? e soddisfazione per il lavoro: Una riflessione generale," QUADERNI DI ECONOMIA DEL LAVORO, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 0(113), pages 13-27.
    • Handle: RePEc:fan:quaqua:v:html10.3280/qua2021-113002
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    References listed on IDEAS

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