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Le dualisme du marché du travail : enjeux et fondements théoriques

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  • Hélène Zajdela

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[fre] Le dualisme du marché du travail: enjeux et fondements théoriques, . par Hélène Zajdela.. . Depuis les travaux de Doeringer et Piore, la segmentation du marché du travail se schématise souvent par la coexistence de deux secteurs : un secteur primaire caractérisé par de hauts salaires, la stabilité de l'emploi et des possibilités de promotion, et un secteur secondaire où les salaires sont faibles, le risque de chômage important, et les promotions inexistantes. Cet article s'attache à expliquer comment les théories récentes du marché du travail, en particulier les théories du salaire d'efficience et des négociations salariales, ont suscité un renouveau théorique dans ce domaine, en donnant des fondements au rationnement de l'emploi dans le secteur primaire, au différentiel de salaire entre les deux secteurs et à la persistance du chômage. [spa] El dualismo del mercado de trabajo : lo que está en juego, fundamentos teóricos, . por Hélène Zajdela.. . A partir de los trabajos de Doeringer y Piore, la segmentación del mercado de trabajo se esquematiza con frecuencia por la coexistencia de dos sectores : un sector primario caracterizado por salarios elevados, la estabilidad del empleo y posibilidades de ascenso, y un sector secundario en donde los salarios son bajos, el riesgo de desocupación muy grande, y los ascensos inexistentes. Este artículo trata de explicar cómo las teorías recientes del mercado de trabajo, en particular las teorías del salario de eficiencia y de las negociaciones salariales, han suscitado un renovacion teórica en este campo, dando las bases al racionamiento del empleo en el sector primario, al diferencial de salario entre ambos sectores y a la persistencia de desempleo. [ger] Der Dualismus des Arbeitsmarktes : die theoretischen Grundlagen und die auf dem Spiel stehende theoretische Erneuerung, . von Hélène Zajdela.. . Seit den Studien von Doeringer und Piore wird die Arbeitsmarktsegmentation oft schematisch durch die Koexistenz von zwei Sektoren dargestellt : einem ersten Sektor, der durch hohe Löhne, stabile Arbeitsplätze und Aufstiegsmöglichkeiten gekennzeichnet ist, und einem zweiten, in dem die Löhne niedrig, das Risiko der Arbeitslosigkeit hoch und Aufstiegsmöglichkeiten nicht vorhanden sind. Dieser Artikel bemüht sich darum, zu erklären, wie die jüngsten Arbeitsmarkttheorien, insbesondere die den Leistungslohn und die Lohnverhandlungen betreffenden Theorien, eine theoretische Erneuerung in diesem Bereich bewirkt haben, indem sie die Begrenzung der Beschäftigungsgrösse im ersten Sektor, das Lohndifferential zwischen den beiden Sektoren und die anhaltende Arbeitslosigkeit von neuen Ansätzen aus erfassen. [eng] The Dualism of the Job Market: Issues and Theoretical Bases, . by Hélène Zajdela.. . Ever since the time of Doeringer and Piore's work, the segmentation of the work market has frequently been described in terms of two different sectors existing at the same time: a primary sectorwith high wages, job stability and opportunities for promotion, and asecondary sector with low wages, high risk of unemployment and no opportunities for promotion. This paper attempts to explain how recent theories about the job market, especially theories involving efficiency wages and wage negotiations, brought about a conceptual renewal in this field by giving reasons for rationing employment in the primary sector, wage differential between the two sectors and the persistance of unemployment.

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  • Hélène Zajdela, 1990. "Le dualisme du marché du travail : enjeux et fondements théoriques," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 92(1), pages 31-42.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_1990_num_92_1_5155
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.1990.5155
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.1990.5155
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Ballot, Gerard, 2002. "Modeling the labor market as an evolving institution: model ARTEMIS," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 49(1), pages 51-77, September.
    2. repec:dau:papers:123456789/5173 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Gérard Forgeot & Jérôme Gautié, 1997. "Insertion professionnelle des jeunes et processus de déclassement," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 304(1), pages 53-74.
    4. Chantal Cases, 1994. "Durées de chômage et comportements d'offre de travail : une revue de la littérature," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 113(2), pages 155-170.
    5. Patrice Borda & Jean Gabriel Montauban, 1995. "Chômage et exportation agricole : le cas des régions ultra périphériques de l'Europe," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 119(3), pages 31-42.
    6. Christian Baudelot & Michel Gollac, 1993. "Salaires et conditions de travail," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 265(1), pages 65-84.
    7. Pierre Cahuc & Hélène Zajdela, 1991. "Comment expliquer le dualisme du marché du travail à partir de comportements rationnels ?," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 42(3), pages 469-492.
    8. Héloïse Petit, 2004. "Cambridge contre Cambridge : Deux approches segmentationnistes face au tournant des années 1980," Post-Print hal-00801427, HAL.
    9. repec:dau:papers:123456789/1902 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Patrick Artus & Moncef Kaabi, 1994. "Comment limiter les méfaits des marchés internes du travail," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 45(3), pages 369-384.

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