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Dynamic stochastic electric vehicle routing with safe reinforcement learning

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  • Basso, Rafael
  • Kulcsár, Balázs
  • Sanchez-Diaz, Ivan
  • Qu, Xiaobo

Abstract

Dynamic routing of electric commercial vehicles can be a challenging problem since besides the uncertainty of energy consumption there are also random customer requests. This paper introduces the Dynamic Stochastic Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (DS-EVRP). A Safe Reinforcement Learning method is proposed for solving the problem. The objective is to minimize expected energy consumption in a safe way, which means also minimizing the risk of battery depletion while en route by planning charging whenever necessary. The key idea is to learn offline about the stochastic customer requests and energy consumption using Monte Carlo simulations, to be able to plan the route predictively and safely online. The method is evaluated using simulations based on energy consumption data from a realistic traffic model for the city of Luxembourg and a high-fidelity vehicle model. The results indicate that it is possible to save energy at the same time maintaining reliability by planning the routes and charging in an anticipative way. The proposed method has the potential to improve transport operations with electric commercial vehicles capitalizing on their environmental benefits.

Suggested Citation

  • Basso, Rafael & Kulcsár, Balázs & Sanchez-Diaz, Ivan & Qu, Xiaobo, 2022. "Dynamic stochastic electric vehicle routing with safe reinforcement learning," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transe:v:157:y:2022:i:c:s1366554521002581
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tre.2021.102496
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    5. Marouane Adnane & Ahmed Khoumsi & João Pedro F. Trovão, 2023. "Efficient Management of Energy Consumption of Electric Vehicles Using Machine Learning—A Systematic and Comprehensive Survey," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-39, June.
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    13. Liu, Zeyu & Li, Xueping & Khojandi, Anahita, 2022. "The flying sidekick traveling salesman problem with stochastic travel time: A reinforcement learning approach," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
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