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Adolescent mental health and behavioural problems, and intergenerational social mobility: A decomposition of health selection effects

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  • Anderson, Lewis Robert

Abstract

According to the health selection hypothesis, poor mental health and behavioural problems in adolescence limit socioeconomic attainment. But to what extent is health selection driven by prior social causation? This paper quantifies the extent to which health selection – here, restricted or downward intergenerational social class mobility due to poor mental health or behavioural problems – can be attributed to the influence of modifiable childhood risk factors. The UK National Child Development Study provides measures of socioeconomic deprivation and childhood adversities, as well as multiple-informant ratings of adolescents' mental health and behavioural problems, for which confirmatory factor analysis supports a three-factor model. Decomposition analysis is used to robustly assess the extent of attenuation of selection effects when conditioning on the childhood environment. Conduct problems, hyperactivity, and to a lesser extent emotional symptoms at age 16 are associated with individuals' chances of achieving (un)desirable mobility outcomes. When prior childhood risk factors are taken into account, the association of conduct problems with mobility is attenuated by around 50%, indicating a substantial role for confounding and earlier processes of social causation in the generation of this health selection effect. Further analyses indicate that this attenuation is greater for those from the most disadvantaged backgrounds and is mostly driven by the inclusion of indicators of generalised disadvantage such as crowded housing and low income. On the other hand, the effects of emotional symptoms and hyperactivity on mobility outcomes are not significantly accounted for by childhood risk factors. This study adds to the health inequalities literature by interrogating the empirical validity of the usual interpretation of health selection effects as indicating the causal priority of the onset of poor mental health.

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  • Anderson, Lewis Robert, 2018. "Adolescent mental health and behavioural problems, and intergenerational social mobility: A decomposition of health selection effects," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 153-160.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:197:y:2018:i:c:p:153-160
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.11.026
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    1. Schilling, Elizabeth A. & Aseltine, Robert H. & Gore, Susan, 2008. "The impact of cumulative childhood adversity on young adult mental health: Measures, models, and interpretations," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(5), pages 1140-1151, March.
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    2. Gugushvili, Alexi & Zelinska, Olga & Präg, Patrick & Bulczak, Grzegorz, 2022. "Does perceived social mobility affect health? Evidence from a fixed effects approach," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    3. Hongjo Choi & Haejoo Chung & Carles Muntaner, 2019. "Social selection in historical time: The case of tuberculosis in South Korea after the East Asian financial crisis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(5), pages 1-13, May.
    4. Jin, Yinzi & Zhu, Dawei & He, Ping, 2020. "Social causation or social selection? The longitudinal interrelationship between poverty and depressive symptoms in China," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    5. Grzegorz Bulczak & Alexi Gugushvili & Olga Zelinska, 2022. "How are social origin, destination and mobility linked to physical, mental, and self-rated health? Evidence from the United States," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 56(5), pages 3555-3585, October.
    6. Chan, Ho Fai & Cheng, Zhiming & Mendolia, Silvia & Paloyo, Alfredo R. & Tani, Massimiliano & Proulx, Damon & Savage, David & Torgler, Benno, 2022. "Societal Movement Restrictions and Adverse Mental Health Outcomes," IZA Discussion Papers 15111, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    7. Do Thi Thuy, Thuy & Nguyen, Quang Dung & Nguyen Van, Huy & Thomas-Agnan, Christine & Trinh, Thi-Huong, 2018. "Measuring the progress of the timeliness childhood immunization compliance in Vietnam between 2006-2014: A decomposition analysis," TSE Working Papers 18-920, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE).
    8. Gugushvili, Alexi & Zhao, Yizhang & Bukodi, Erzsébet, 2019. "‘Falling from grace’ and ‘rising from rags’: Intergenerational educational mobility and depressive symptoms," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 222(C), pages 294-304.
    9. Minke R. C. van Minde & Marlou L. A. de Kroon & Meertien K. Sijpkens & Hein Raat & Eric A. P. Steegers & Loes C. M. Bertens, 2021. "Associations between Socio-Economic Status and Unfavorable Social Indicators of Child Wellbeing; a Neighbourhood Level Data Design," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-11, December.

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