IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v14y2010i7p1888-1900.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

A review on test procedure, energy efficiency standards and energy labels for room air conditioners and refrigerator-freezers

Author

Listed:
  • Mahlia, T.M.I.
  • Saidur, R.

Abstract

Air conditioners and refrigerator-freezers are major energy users in a household environment and hence efficiency improvement of these appliances can be considered as an important step to reduce their energy consumption along with environmental pollution prevention. Energy efficiency standards and labels are commonly used tools to reduce the energy uses for household appliances for many countries around the world. The first step towards adopting energy efficiency standards is to establish a test procedure for rating and testing of an appliance. It may be mentioned that an energy test procedure is the technical foundation for energy efficiency standards, energy labels, and other related programs. This paper reviews requirements and specifications of various international test standards for testing and rating of room air conditioners and refrigerators. A review on the development of the energy efficiency standards has been provided as well. Finally, energy labels that provide some useful information for identifying energy efficient products have been reviewed for these appliances. It may be stated that the review will be useful for the developing countries who wish to develop these energy savings strategies. It is also expected to be useful to revise the existing strategies for a few selected countries who already implemented these strategies earlier.

Suggested Citation

  • Mahlia, T.M.I. & Saidur, R., 2010. "A review on test procedure, energy efficiency standards and energy labels for room air conditioners and refrigerator-freezers," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(7), pages 1888-1900, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:14:y:2010:i:7:p:1888-1900
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364-0321(10)00099-7
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mahlia, T. M. I. & Masjuki, H. H. & Saidur, R. & Amalina, M. A., 2004. "Cost-benefit analysis of implementing minimum energy efficiency standards for household refrigerator-freezers in Malaysia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 32(16), pages 1819-1824, November.
    2. Mahlia, T.M.I. & Masjuki, H.H. & Saidur, R. & Choudhury, I.A. & NoorLeha, A.R., 2003. "Projected electricity savings from implementing minimum energy efficiency standard for household refrigerators in Malaysia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(7), pages 751-754.
    3. Colombier, Michel & Menanteau, Philippe, 1997. "From energy labelling to performance standards: some methods of stimulating technical change to obtain greater energy efficiency," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 25(4), pages 425-434, March.
    4. Varone, Frederic & Aebischer, Bernard, 2001. "Energy efficiency: the challenges of policy design," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 29(8), pages 615-629, June.
    5. Saidur, R. & Masjuki, H. H. & Mahlia, T. M. I., 2005. "Labeling design effort for household refrigerator-freezers in Malaysia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 33(5), pages 611-618, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Mahlia, T.M.I. & Tohno, S. & Tezuka, T., 2013. "International experience on incentive program in support of fuel economy standards and labelling for motor vehicle: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 18-33.
    2. Shekarchian, M. & Moghavvemi, M. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Mazandarani, A., 2011. "A review on the pattern of electricity generation and emission in Malaysia from 1976 to 2008," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 2629-2642, August.
    3. Miwa Nakai & Majah-Leah V. Ravago & Yoichi Miyaoka & Kiyoshi Saito & Toshi. H Arimura, 2022. "Consumers' Preferences for Energy-Efficient Air Conditioners in a Developing Country: A Discrete Choice Experiment Using Eco Labels," Working Papers e166, Tokyo Center for Economic Research.
    4. Mahirah Kamaludin & Muhd Azrin Shah Razali & Nazatul Faizah Haron & A. A. Azlina, 2021. "Energy Efficiency Labelling: Investigating Students Preferences and Awareness on the Energy-efficient Electrical Appliances in Hostel," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 11(2), pages 300-308.
    5. Keramitsoglou, Kiriaki M. & Mellon, Robert C. & Tsagkaraki, Maria I. & Tsagarakis, Konstantinos P., 2020. "Designing a logo for renewable energy sources with public participation: Empirical evidence from Greece," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 1205-1218.
    6. Su, Yu-Wen, 2019. "Residential electricity demand in Taiwan: Consumption behavior and rebound effect," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 36-45.
    7. Xinhao Hu & Zhongbin Zhang & Dandan Cai, 2020. "A Mathematical Tightening of Instantaneous Indoor and Outdoor Dry-Bulb and Wet-Bulb Temperature Tolerances," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-16, March.
    8. Wang, Xiao & Yu, Jianlin, 2015. "An experimental investigation on a novel ejector enhanced refrigeration cycle applied in the domestic refrigerator-freezer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P1), pages 202-209.
    9. Zhiyu Lv & Xu Zhang, 2023. "Influencing Factor Analysis on Energy-Saving Refrigerator Purchases from the Supply and Demand Sides," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-16, June.
    10. Cai, Wei & Liu, Fei & Zhang, Hua & Liu, Peiji & Tuo, Junbo, 2017. "Development of dynamic energy benchmark for mass production in machining systems for energy management and energy-efficiency improvement," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 715-725.
    11. Safarzadeh, Soroush & Rasti-Barzoki, Morteza & Hejazi, Seyed Reza, 2020. "A review of optimal energy policy instruments on industrial energy efficiency programs, rebound effects, and government policies," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    12. Mahlia, T.M.I. & Tohno, S. & Tezuka, T., 2012. "A review on fuel economy test procedure for automobiles: Implementation possibilities in Malaysia and lessons for other countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(6), pages 4029-4046.
    13. Gongyi Zhang & Chang Zhang & Hongguang Nie, 2021. "An Overview of China’s Energy Labeling Policy Portfolio: China’s Contribution to Addressing the Global Goal of Sustainable Development," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(1), pages 21582440209, January.
    14. Safarzadeh, Soroush & Rasti-Barzoki, Morteza, 2019. "A game theoretic approach for pricing policies in a duopolistic supply chain considering energy productivity, industrial rebound effect, and government policies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 92-105.
    15. Shekarchian, M. & Moghavvemi, M. & Motasemi, F. & Zarifi, F. & Mahlia, T.M.I., 2012. "Energy and fuel consumption forecast by retrofitting absorption cooling in Malaysia from 2012 to 2025," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(8), pages 6128-6141.
    16. Silitonga, A.S. & Atabani, A.E. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Sebayang, A.H., 2011. "Techno-economic analysis and environmental impact of fuel economy labels for passenger cars in Indonesia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(9), pages 5212-5217.
    17. Safarzadeh, Soroush & Rasti-Barzoki, Morteza & Hejazi, Seyed Reza & Piran, Md Jalil, 2020. "A game theoretic approach for the duopoly pricing of energy-efficient appliances regarding innovation protection and social welfare," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    18. Han, Binglong & Xiong, Tong & Xu, Shijie & Liu, Guoqiang & Yan, Gang, 2022. "Parametric study of a room air conditioner during defrosting cycle based on a modified defrosting model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
    19. Zhao, Yuanheng & Powell-Palm, Matthew J. & Wang, Junjie & Bilbao-Sainz, Cristina & McHugh, Tara & Rubinsky, Boris, 2021. "Analysis of global energy savings in the frozen food industry made possible by transitioning from conventional isobaric freezing to isochoric freezing," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    20. Biglia, Alessandro & Gemmell, Andrew J. & Foster, Helen J. & Evans, Judith A., 2020. "Energy performance of domestic cold appliances in laboratory and home environments," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    21. Jain, Manisha & Rao, Anand B. & Patwardhan, Anand, 2018. "Appliance labeling and consumer heterogeneity: A discrete choice experiment in India," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 213-224.
    22. Hasan, M.H. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Nur, Hadi, 2012. "A review on energy scenario and sustainable energy in Indonesia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 2316-2328.
    23. Zhang, Yixiang & Song, Bowei, 2023. "Does energy-efficiency label affect appliance price? Empirical analysis of the new national standard air conditioners in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    24. Borges, Bruno N. & Melo, Cláudio & Hermes, Christian J.L., 2015. "Transient simulation of a two-door frost-free refrigerator subjected to periodic door opening and evaporator frosting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 386-395.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mohammadnejad, M. & Ghazvini, M. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Andriyana, A., 2011. "A review on energy scenario and sustainable energy in Iran," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(9), pages 4652-4658.
    2. Shekarchian, M. & Moghavvemi, M. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Mazandarani, A., 2011. "A review on the pattern of electricity generation and emission in Malaysia from 1976 to 2008," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 2629-2642, August.
    3. Azmi, W.H. & Sharif, M.Z. & Yusof, T.M. & Mamat, Rizalman & Redhwan, A.A.M., 2017. "Potential of nanorefrigerant and nanolubricant on energy saving in refrigeration system – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 415-428.
    4. Lean, Hooi Hooi & Smyth, Russell, 2010. "Multivariate Granger causality between electricity generation, exports, prices and GDP in Malaysia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(9), pages 3640-3648.
    5. Al-Mofleh, Anwar & Taib, Soib & Mujeebu, M. Abdul & Salah, Wael, 2009. "Analysis of sectoral energy conservation in Malaysia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 733-739.
    6. Mahlia, T.M.I. & Razak, H. Abdul & Nursahida, M.A., 2011. "Life cycle cost analysis and payback period of lighting retrofit at the University of Malaya," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(2), pages 1125-1132, February.
    7. Al-Ghandoor, A. & Jaber, J.O. & Al-Hinti, I. & Mansour, I.M., 2009. "Residential past and future energy consumption: Potential savings and environmental impact," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(6-7), pages 1262-1274, August.
    8. V. Oikonomou & C. Jepma, 2008. "A framework on interactions of climate and energy policy instruments," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 13(2), pages 131-156, February.
    9. Niki-Artemis Spyridaki & Anastasia Ioannou & Alexandros Flamos, 2016. "How Can the Context Affect Policy Decision-Making: The Case of Climate Change Mitigation Policies in the Greek Building Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-22, April.
    10. Guoqiang Zhang & Yanmei Xu & Juan Zhang, 2016. "Consumer-Oriented Policy towards Diffusion of Electric Vehicles: City-Level Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(12), pages 1-16, December.
    11. Pau Chung Leng & Gabriel Hoh Teck Ling & Mohd Hamdan Ahmad & Dilshan Remaz Ossen & Eeydzah Aminudin & Weng Howe Chan & Dg Normaswanna Tawasil, 2020. "Thermal Performance of Single-Story Air-Welled Terraced House in Malaysia: A Field Measurement Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-23, December.
    12. Thirugnanasambandam, M. & Hasanuzzaman, M. & Saidur, R. & Ali, M.B. & Rajakarunakaran, S. & Devaraj, D. & Rahim, N.A., 2011. "Analysis of electrical motors load factors and energy savings in an Indian cement industry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 4307-4314.
    13. Olsthoorn, Mark & Schleich, Joachim & Guetlein, Marie-Charlotte & Durand, Antoine & Faure, Corinne, 2023. "Beyond energy efficiency: Do consumers care about life-cycle properties of household appliances?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    14. Lorenz Kammermann & Karin Ingold, 2019. "Going beyond technocratic and democratic principles: stakeholder acceptance of instruments in Swiss energy policy," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 52(1), pages 43-65, March.
    15. Huh, Sung-Yoon & Jo, Manseok & Shin, Jungwoo & Yoo, Seung-Hoon, 2019. "Impact of rebate program for energy-efficient household appliances on consumer purchasing decisions: The case of electric rice cookers in South Korea," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 1394-1403.
    16. Stefanie Lena Heinzle & Rolf Wüstenhagen, 2012. "Dynamic Adjustment of Eco‐labeling Schemes and Consumer Choice – the Revision of the EU Energy Label as a Missed Opportunity?," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 21(1), pages 60-70, January.
    17. Hasanuzzaman, M. & Saidur, R. & Masjuki, H.H., 2009. "Effects of operating variables on heat transfer and energy consumption of a household refrigerator-freezer during closed door operation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(2), pages 196-198.
    18. Mahlia, T.M.I. & Tohno, S. & Tezuka, T., 2012. "History and current status of the motor vehicle energy labeling and its implementation possibilities in Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 1828-1844.
    19. Azoumah, Yao K. & Tossa, Alain K. & Dake, Rock A., 2020. "Towards a labelling for green energy production units: Case study of off-grid solar PV systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    20. Amecke, Hermann, 2012. "The impact of energy performance certificates: A survey of German home owners," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 4-14.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:14:y:2010:i:7:p:1888-1900. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.