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Validation of four LES and a vortex model against stereo-PIV measurements in the near wake of an actuator disc and a wind turbine

Author

Listed:
  • Lignarolo, Lorenzo E.M.
  • Mehta, Dhruv
  • Stevens, Richard J.A.M.
  • Yilmaz, Ali Emre
  • van Kuik, Gijs
  • Andersen, Søren J.
  • Meneveau, Charles
  • Ferreira, Carlos J.
  • Ragni, Daniele
  • Meyers, Johan
  • van Bussel, Gerard J.W.
  • Holierhoek, Jessica

Abstract

In this paper we report the results of a workshop organised by the Delft University of Technology in 2014, aiming at the comparison between different state-of-the-art numerical models for the simulation of wind turbine wakes. The chosen benchmark case is a wind tunnel measurement, where stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry was employed to obtain the velocity field and turbulence statistics in the near wake of a two-bladed wind turbine model and of a porous disc, which mimics the numerical actuator used in the simulations. Researchers have been invited to simulate the experimental case based on the disc drag coefficient and the inflow characteristics. Four large eddy simulation (LES) codes from different institutions and a vortex model are part of the comparison. The purpose of this benchmark is to validate the numerical predictions of the flow field statistics in the near wake of an actuator disc, a case that is highly relevant for full wind farm applications. The comparison has shown that, despite its extreme simplicity, the vortex model is capable of reproducing the wake expansion and the centreline velocity with very high accuracy. Also all tested LES models are able to predict the velocity deficit in the very near wake well, contrary to what was expected from previous literature. However, the resolved velocity fluctuations in the LES are below the experimentally measured values.

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  • Lignarolo, Lorenzo E.M. & Mehta, Dhruv & Stevens, Richard J.A.M. & Yilmaz, Ali Emre & van Kuik, Gijs & Andersen, Søren J. & Meneveau, Charles & Ferreira, Carlos J. & Ragni, Daniele & Meyers, Johan & v, 2016. "Validation of four LES and a vortex model against stereo-PIV measurements in the near wake of an actuator disc and a wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 510-523.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:94:y:2016:i:c:p:510-523
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2016.03.070
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    1. Lignarolo, L.E.M. & Ragni, D. & Krishnaswami, C. & Chen, Q. & Simão Ferreira, C.J. & van Bussel, G.J.W., 2014. "Experimental analysis of the wake of a horizontal-axis wind-turbine model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 31-46.
    2. Stevens, Richard J.A.M. & Graham, Jason & Meneveau, Charles, 2014. "A concurrent precursor inflow method for Large Eddy Simulations and applications to finite length wind farms," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 46-50.
    3. Pierella, Fabio & Krogstad, Per-Åge & Sætran, Lars, 2014. "Blind Test 2 calculations for two in-line model wind turbines where the downstream turbine operates at various rotational speeds," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 62-77.
    4. Krogstad, Per-Åge & Eriksen, Pål Egil, 2013. "“Blind test” calculations of the performance and wake development for a model wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 325-333.
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    Cited by:

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    3. Dai, Xuan & Xu, Da & Zhang, Mengqi & Stevens, Richard J.A.M., 2022. "A three-dimensional dynamic mode decomposition analysis of wind farm flow aerodynamics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 608-624.
    4. Yu, W. & Ferreira, C. & van Kuik, G.A.M., 2019. "The dynamic wake of an actuator disc undergoing transient load: A numerical and experimental study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 1402-1414.
    5. Sun, Chong & Tian, Tian & Zhu, Xiaocheng & Hua, Ouyang & Du, Zhaohui, 2021. "Investigation of the near wake of a horizontal-axis wind turbine model by dynamic mode decomposition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    6. Xiaodong Wang & Yunong Liu & Luyao Wang & Lin Ding & Hui Hu, 2019. "Numerical Study of Nacelle Wind Speed Characteristics of a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine under Time-Varying Flow," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-19, October.
    7. Ingrid Neunaber & Michael Hölling & Richard J. A. M. Stevens & Gerard Schepers & Joachim Peinke, 2020. "Distinct Turbulent Regions in the Wake of a Wind Turbine and Their Inflow-Dependent Locations: The Creation of a Wake Map," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-20, October.
    8. Hornshøj-Møller, Simon D. & Nielsen, Peter D. & Forooghi, Pourya & Abkar, Mahdi, 2021. "Quantifying structural uncertainties in Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations of wind turbine wakes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 1550-1558.
    9. Neunaber, Ingrid & Hölling, Michael & Whale, Jonathan & Peinke, Joachim, 2021. "Comparison of the turbulence in the wakes of an actuator disc and a model wind turbine by higher order statistics: A wind tunnel study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 1650-1662.
    10. Wang, Zhenyu & Ozbay, Ahmet & Tian, Wei & Hu, Hui, 2018. "An experimental study on the aerodynamic performances and wake characteristics of an innovative dual-rotor wind turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 94-109.

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