IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v257y2020ics030626191931712x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Wake modeling of wind turbines using machine learning

Author

Listed:
  • Ti, Zilong
  • Deng, Xiao Wei
  • Yang, Hongxing

Abstract

In the paper, a novel framework that employs the machine learning and CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation to develop new wake velocity and turbulence models with high accuracy and good efficiency is proposed to improve the turbine wake predictions. An ANN (artificial neural network) model based on the back-propagation (BP) algorithm is designed to build the underlying spatial relationship between the inflow conditions and the three-dimensional wake flows. To save the computational cost, a reduced-order turbine model ADM-R (actuator disk model with rotation), is incorporated into RANS (Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations) simulations coupled with a modified k-ε turbulence model to provide big datasets of wake flow for training, testing, and validation of the ANN model. The numerical framework of RANS/ADM-R simulations is validated by a standalone Vestas V80 2 MW wind turbine and NTNU wind tunnel test of double aligned turbines. In the ANN-based wake model, the inflow wind speed and turbulence intensity at hub height are selected as input variables, while the spatial velocity deficit and added turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) in wake field are taken as output variables. The ANN-based wake model is first deployed to a standalone turbine, and then the spatial wake characteristics and power generation of an aligned 8-turbine row as representation of Horns Rev wind farm are also validated against Large Eddy Simulations (LES) and field measurement. The results of ANN-based wake model show good agreement with the numerical simulations and measurement data, indicating that the ANN is capable of establishing the complex spatial relationship between inflow conditions and the wake flows. The machine learning techniques can remarkably improve the accuracy and efficiency of wake predictions.

Suggested Citation

  • Ti, Zilong & Deng, Xiao Wei & Yang, Hongxing, 2020. "Wake modeling of wind turbines using machine learning," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:257:y:2020:i:c:s030626191931712x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114025
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030626191931712X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114025?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dou, Bingzheng & Guala, Michele & Lei, Liping & Zeng, Pan, 2019. "Wake model for horizontal-axis wind and hydrokinetic turbines in yawed conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 1383-1395.
    2. Wu, Yu-Ting & Porté-Agel, Fernando, 2015. "Modeling turbine wakes and power losses within a wind farm using LES: An application to the Horns Rev offshore wind farm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 945-955.
    3. Yu-Ting Wu & Fernando Porté-Agel, 2012. "Atmospheric Turbulence Effects on Wind-Turbine Wakes: An LES Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(12), pages 1-23, December.
    4. Sedaghatizadeh, Nima & Arjomandi, Maziar & Kelso, Richard & Cazzolato, Benjamin & Ghayesh, Mergen H., 2018. "Modelling of wind turbine wake using large eddy simulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 1166-1176.
    5. Bastankhah, Majid & Porté-Agel, Fernando, 2014. "A new analytical model for wind-turbine wakes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 116-123.
    6. Amin Niayifar & Fernando Porté-Agel, 2016. "Analytical Modeling of Wind Farms: A New Approach for Power Prediction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-13, September.
    7. Göçmen, Tuhfe & Laan, Paul van der & Réthoré, Pierre-Elouan & Diaz, Alfredo Peña & Larsen, Gunner Chr. & Ott, Søren, 2016. "Wind turbine wake models developed at the technical university of Denmark: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 752-769.
    8. AfDB AfDB, . "Annual Report 2012," Annual Report, African Development Bank, number 461.
    9. Pierella, Fabio & Krogstad, Per-Åge & Sætran, Lars, 2014. "Blind Test 2 calculations for two in-line model wind turbines where the downstream turbine operates at various rotational speeds," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 62-77.
    10. Ge, Mingwei & Wu, Ying & Liu, Yongqian & Li, Qi, 2019. "A two-dimensional model based on the expansion of physical wake boundary for wind-turbine wakes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233, pages 975-984.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ti, Zilong & Deng, Xiao Wei & Zhang, Mingming, 2021. "Artificial Neural Networks based wake model for power prediction of wind farm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 618-631.
    2. Cao, Lichao & Ge, Mingwei & Gao, Xiaoxia & Du, Bowen & Li, Baoliang & Huang, Zhi & Liu, Yongqian, 2022. "Wind farm layout optimization to minimize the wake induced turbulence effect on wind turbines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    3. Ziyu Zhang & Peng Huang & Haocheng Sun, 2020. "A Novel Analytical Wake Model with a Cosine-Shaped Velocity Deficit," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-20, June.
    4. Zhang, Jincheng & Zhao, Xiaowei, 2022. "Wind farm wake modeling based on deep convolutional conditional generative adversarial network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PB).
    5. He, Ruiyang & Sun, Haiying & Gao, Xiaoxia & Yang, Hongxing, 2022. "Wind tunnel tests for wind turbines: A state-of-the-art review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    6. Zhang, Jincheng & Zhao, Xiaowei, 2020. "A novel dynamic wind farm wake model based on deep learning," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    7. Mingqiu Liu & Zhichang Liang & Haixiao Liu, 2022. "Numerical Investigations of Wake Expansion in the Offshore Wind Farm Using a Large Eddy Simulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-19, March.
    8. Li, Li & Wang, Bing & Ge, Mingwei & Huang, Zhi & Li, Xintao & Liu, Yongqian, 2023. "A novel superposition method for streamwise turbulence intensity of wind-turbine wakes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    9. Yang, Haoze & Ge, Mingwei & Gu, Bo & Du, Bowen & Liu, Yongqian, 2022. "The effect of swell on marine atmospheric boundary layer and the operation of an offshore wind turbine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PB).
    10. Yang, Shanghui & Deng, Xiaowei & Ti, Zilong & Yan, Bowen & Yang, Qingshan, 2022. "Cooperative yaw control of wind farm using a double-layer machine learning framework," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 519-537.
    11. Hegazy, Amr & Blondel, Frédéric & Cathelain, Marie & Aubrun, Sandrine, 2022. "LiDAR and SCADA data processing for interacting wind turbine wakes with comparison to analytical wake models," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 457-471.
    12. Yang, Haoze & Ge, Mingwei & Abkar, Mahdi & Yang, Xiang I.A., 2022. "Large-eddy simulation study of wind turbine array above swell sea," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    13. Zhang, Jincheng & Zhao, Xiaowei, 2020. "Quantification of parameter uncertainty in wind farm wake modeling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    14. Pawar, Suraj & Sharma, Ashesh & Vijayakumar, Ganesh & Bay, Chrstopher J. & Yellapantula, Shashank & San, Omer, 2022. "Towards multi-fidelity deep learning of wind turbine wakes," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 867-879.
    15. Amin Niayifar & Fernando Porté-Agel, 2016. "Analytical Modeling of Wind Farms: A New Approach for Power Prediction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-13, September.
    16. Wang, Longyan & Luo, Wei & Xu, Jian & Xie, Junhang & Luo, Zhaohui & Tan, Andy C.C., 2022. "Comparative study of decentralized instantaneous and wind-interval-based controls for in-line two scale wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 1218-1233.
    17. Gao, Xiaoxia & Li, Bingbing & Wang, Tengyuan & Sun, Haiying & Yang, Hongxing & Li, Yonghua & Wang, Yu & Zhao, Fei, 2020. "Investigation and validation of 3D wake model for horizontal-axis wind turbines based on filed measurements," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    18. Tian, Linlin & Song, Yilei & Xiao, Pengcheng & Zhao, Ning & Shen, Wenzhong & Zhu, Chunling, 2022. "A new three-dimensional analytical model for wind turbine wake turbulence intensity predictions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 762-776.
    19. Syed Ahmed Kabir, Ijaz Fazil & Safiyullah, Ferozkhan & Ng, E.Y.K. & Tam, Vivian W.Y., 2020. "New analytical wake models based on artificial intelligence and rivalling the benchmark full-rotor CFD predictions under both uniform and ABL inflows," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    20. Ge, Mingwei & Wu, Ying & Liu, Yongqian & Yang, Xiang I.A., 2019. "A two-dimensional Jensen model with a Gaussian-shaped velocity deficit," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 46-56.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:257:y:2020:i:c:s030626191931712x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.