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A comparative study of KOH/Al2O3 and KOH/NaY catalysts for biodiesel production via transesterification from palm oil

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  • Noiroj, Krisada
  • Intarapong, Pisitpong
  • Luengnaruemitchai, Apanee
  • Jai-In, Samai

Abstract

The transesterification of palm oil to methyl esters (biodiesel) was studied using KOH loaded on Al2O3 and NaY zeolite supports as heterogeneous catalysts. Reaction parameters such as reaction time, wt% KOH loading, molar ratio of oil to methanol, and amount of catalyst were optimized for the production of biodiesel. The 25wt% KOH/Al2O3 and 10wt% KOH/NaY catalysts are suggested here to be the best formula due to their biodiesel yield of 91.07% at temperatures below 70°C within 2–3h at a 1:15 molar ratio of palm oil to methanol and a catalyst amount of 3–6wt%. The leaching of potassium species in both spent catalysts was observed. The amount of leached potassium species of the KOH/Al2O3 was somewhat higher compared to that of the KOH/NaY catalyst. The prepared catalysts were characterized by using several techniques such as XRD, BET, TPD, and XRF.

Suggested Citation

  • Noiroj, Krisada & Intarapong, Pisitpong & Luengnaruemitchai, Apanee & Jai-In, Samai, 2009. "A comparative study of KOH/Al2O3 and KOH/NaY catalysts for biodiesel production via transesterification from palm oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 1145-1150.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:34:y:2009:i:4:p:1145-1150
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2008.06.015
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    1. Xie, Wenlei & Han, Yuxiang & Wang, Hongyan, 2018. "Magnetic Fe3O4/MCM-41 composite-supported sodium silicate as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 675-681.
    2. Amani, H. & Ahmad, Z. & Hameed, B.H., 2014. "Synthesis of fatty acid methyl esters via the methanolysis of palm oil over Ca3.5xZr0.5yAlxO3 mixed oxide catalyst," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 680-685.
    3. Leung, Dennis Y.C. & Wu, Xuan & Leung, M.K.H., 2010. "A review on biodiesel production using catalyzed transesterification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(4), pages 1083-1095, April.
    4. Xie, Wenlei & Yang, Xinli & Fan, Mingliang, 2015. "Novel solid base catalyst for biodiesel production: Mesoporous SBA-15 silica immobilized with 1,3-dicyclohexyl-2-octylguanidine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 230-237.
    5. Xie, Wenlei & Xiong, Yunfei & Wang, Hongyan, 2021. "Fe3O4-poly(AGE-DVB-GMA) composites immobilized with guanidine as a magnetically recyclable catalyst for enhanced biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 758-768.
    6. Narowska, Beata & Kułażyński, Marek & Łukaszewicz, Marcin & Burchacka, Ewa, 2019. "Use of activated carbons as catalyst supports for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 176-185.
    7. Saba, Tony & Estephane, Jane & El Khoury, Bilal & El Khoury, Maroulla & Khazma, Mahmoud & El Zakhem, Henri & Aouad, Samer, 2016. "Biodiesel production from refined sunflower vegetable oil over KOH/ZSM5 catalysts," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 301-306.
    8. Jaiyen, Siyada & Naree, Thikumporn & Ngamcharussrivichai, Chawalit, 2015. "Comparative study of natural dolomitic rock and waste mixed seashells as heterogeneous catalysts for the methanolysis of palm oil to biodiesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 433-440.
    9. Chouhan, A.P. Singh & Sarma, A.K., 2011. "Modern heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(9), pages 4378-4399.
    10. Andreas Vonortas & Nikolaos Papayannakos, 2014. "Comparative analysis of biodiesel versus green diesel," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 3(1), pages 3-23, January.
    11. Al-Jammal, Noor & Al-Hamamre, Zayed & Alnaief, Mohammad, 2016. "Manufacturing of zeolite based catalyst from zeolite tuft for biodiesel production from waste sunflower oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 449-459.
    12. Mohamed, Mohamed Mokhatr & Bayoumy, W.A. & El-Faramawy, Hossam & El-Dogdog, Wagdy & Mohamed, Ashraf A., 2020. "A novel α-Fe2O3/AlOOH(γ-Al2O3) nanocatalyst for efficient biodiesel production from waste oil: Kinetic and thermal studies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 450-464.
    13. Borah, Manash Jyoti & Devi, Anuchaya & Borah, Raju & Deka, Dhanapati, 2019. "Synthesis and application of Co doped ZnO as heterogeneous nanocatalyst for biodiesel production from non-edible oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 512-519.
    14. Farooq, Muhammad & Ramli, Anita & Naeem, Abdul, 2015. "Biodiesel production from low FFA waste cooking oil using heterogeneous catalyst derived from chicken bones," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 362-368.
    15. Zhang, Pingbo & Liu, Yanlei & Fan, Mingming & Jiang, Pingping, 2016. "Catalytic performance of a novel amphiphilic alkaline ionic liquid for biodiesel production: Influence of basicity and conductivity," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 99-105.
    16. da Costa Evangelista, João Paulo & Gondim, Amanda Duarte & Souza, Luiz Di & Araujo, Antonio Souza, 2016. "Alumina-supported potassium compounds as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 887-894.
    17. Qian, Kun & Shen, Xiang & Wang, Yanxin & Gao, Qiang & Ding, Hongwei, 2015. "In-situ transesterification of Jatropha oil over an efficient solid alkali using low leaching component supported on industrial silica gel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 2251-2257.
    18. Wu, Wei & Supankanok, Rasa & Chandra-Ambhorn, Walairat & Taipabu, Muhammad Ikhsan, 2023. "Novel CO2-negative design of palm oil-based polygeneration systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 622-633.
    19. Lin, Lin & Cunshan, Zhou & Vittayapadung, Saritporn & Xiangqian, Shen & Mingdong, Dong, 2011. "Opportunities and challenges for biodiesel fuel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(4), pages 1020-1031, April.
    20. Silitonga, A.S. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Kusumo, F. & Dharma, S. & Sebayang, A.H. & Sembiring, R.W. & Shamsuddin, A.H., 2019. "Intensification of Reutealis trisperma biodiesel production using infrared radiation: Simulation, optimisation and validation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 520-527.

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