IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/proeco/v128y2010i2p538-545.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Identifying demand factors for promotional planning and forecasting: A case of a soft drink company in the UK

Author

Listed:
  • Ramanathan, Usha
  • Muyldermans, Luc

Abstract

In recent years, promotions have become a common practice in many retail outlets. Usually these promotions are planned collaboratively by manufacturers and retailers, who jointly agree on the products on promotion, the types of promotions, the price reduction and the timing of promotions. But, the sales can also be influenced by other factors such as weather, holiday periods and festivals, which are sometimes overlooked. In this research, we identify a set of demand factors influencing the sales of a leading soft drink company in the UK. We relate the demand factors with the company's actual sales to gain more insight into the underlying demand structure. We use structural equation modelling for this purpose. The results confirm the role of the promotional factors in the sales uplift for all products. However, the other demand factors are found influential only for some products. Our results suggest different demand structures for different product families, and our findings confirm the importance of collecting and exchanging the proper supply chain information. Our approach may also assist managers to better plan, forecast and promote different products in collaboration with other supply chain partners.

Suggested Citation

  • Ramanathan, Usha & Muyldermans, Luc, 2010. "Identifying demand factors for promotional planning and forecasting: A case of a soft drink company in the UK," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(2), pages 538-545, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:proeco:v:128:y:2010:i:2:p:538-545
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925-5273(10)00232-X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hau L. Lee & Kut C. So & Christopher S. Tang, 2000. "The Value of Information Sharing in a Two-Level Supply Chain," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 46(5), pages 626-643, May.
    2. Srinivasan Raghunathan, 2001. "Information Sharing in a Supply Chain: A Note on its Value when Demand Is Nonstationary," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 47(4), pages 605-610, April.
    3. Robert C. Blattberg & Alan Levin, 1987. "Modelling the Effectiveness and Profitability of Trade Promotions," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 6(2), pages 124-146.
    4. Byrne, P.J. & Heavey, Cathal, 2006. "The impact of information sharing and forecasting in capacitated industrial supply chains: A case study," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 103(1), pages 420-437, September.
    5. Ailawadi, Kusum L. & Beauchamp, J.P. & Donthu, Naveen & Gauri, Dinesh K. & Shankar, Venkatesh, 2009. "Communication and Promotion Decisions in Retailing: A Review and Directions for Future Research," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 85(1), pages 42-55.
    6. Harikesh Nair & Jean-Pierre Dubé & Pradeep Chintagunta, 2005. "Accounting for Primary and Secondary Demand Effects with Aggregate Data," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 24(3), pages 444-460, November.
    7. Ryu, Seung-Jin & Tsukishima, Takahiro & Onari, Hisashi, 2009. "A study on evaluation of demand information-sharing methods in supply chain," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 120(1), pages 162-175, July.
    8. Jean-Pierre Dubé, 2004. "Multiple Discreteness and Product Differentiation: Demand for Carbonated Soft Drinks," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 23(1), pages 66-81, September.
    9. Kim, Soo Wook, 2009. "An investigation on the direct and indirect effect of supply chain integration on firm performance," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 119(2), pages 328-346, June.
    10. Li, Xiuhui & Wang, Qinan, 2007. "Coordination mechanisms of supply chain systems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 179(1), pages 1-16, May.
    11. Prasad A. Naik & Kalyan Raman & Russell S. Winer, 2005. "Planning Marketing-Mix Strategies in the Presence of Interaction Effects," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 24(1), pages 25-34, June.
    12. Magid M. Abraham & Leonard M. Lodish, 1987. "Promoter: An Automated Promotion Evaluation System," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 6(2), pages 101-123.
    13. Baohong Sun, 2005. "Promotion Effect on Endogenous Consumption," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 24(3), pages 430-443, July.
    14. Raju, Jagmohan S., 1995. "Theoretical models of sales promotions: Contributions, limitations, and a future research agenda," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 85(1), pages 1-17, August.
    15. Sari, Kazim, 2008. "On the benefits of CPFR and VMI: A comparative simulation study," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 113(2), pages 575-586, June.
    16. Lee G. Cooper & Penny Baron & Wayne Levy & Michael Swisher & Paris Gogos, 1999. "PromoCast™: A New Forecasting Method for Promotion Planning," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 18(3), pages 301-316.
    17. Gérard P. Cachon & Marshall Fisher, 2000. "Supply Chain Inventory Management and the Value of Shared Information," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 46(8), pages 1032-1048, August.
    18. Yossi Aviv, 2007. "On the Benefits of Collaborative Forecasting Partnerships Between Retailers and Manufacturers," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 53(5), pages 777-794, May.
    19. Jean-Pierre Dubé & Sachin Gupta, 2008. "Cross-Brand Pass-Through in Supermarket Pricing," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 27(3), pages 324-333, 05-06.
    20. R Fildes & K Nikolopoulos & S F Crone & A A Syntetos, 2008. "Forecasting and operational research: a review," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 59(9), pages 1150-1172, September.
    21. Arshinder & Kanda, Arun & Deshmukh, S.G., 2008. "Supply chain coordination: Perspectives, empirical studies and research directions," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 115(2), pages 316-335, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ramanathan, Usha & He, Qile & Subramanian, Nachiappan & Gunasekaran, Angappa & Sarpong, David, 2023. "Collaborative closed-loop supply chain framework for sustainable manufacturing: Evidence from the Indian packaging industry," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    2. Cárdenas-Barrón, Leopoldo Eduardo & Sana, Shib Sankar, 2014. "A production-inventory model for a two-echelon supply chain when demand is dependent on sales teams׳ initiatives," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 249-258.
    3. Eksoz, Can & Mansouri, S. Afshin & Bourlakis, Michael & Önkal, Dilek, 2019. "Judgmental adjustments through supply integration for strategic partnerships in food chains," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 20-33.
    4. Ramanathan, Usha & Gunasekaran, Angappa, 2014. "Supply chain collaboration: Impact of success in long-term partnerships," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(PB), pages 252-259.
    5. Eksoz, Can & Mansouri, S. Afshin & Bourlakis, Michael, 2014. "Collaborative forecasting in the food supply chain: A conceptual framework," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 120-135.
    6. S. Mirasgedis & E. Georgopoulou & Y. Sarafidis & K. Papagiannaki & D. P. Lalas, 2014. "The Impact of Climate Change on the Pattern of Demand for Bottled Water and Non‐Alcoholic Beverages," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(4), pages 272-288, May.
    7. Ivana Štulec, 2017. "Effectiveness of Weather Derivatives as a Risk Management Tool in Food Retail: The Case of Croatia," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-15, January.
    8. Mou, Shandong & Robb, David J. & DeHoratius, Nicole, 2018. "Retail store operations: Literature review and research directions," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 265(2), pages 399-422.
    9. Abolghasemi, Mahdi & Hurley, Jason & Eshragh, Ali & Fahimnia, Behnam, 2020. "Demand forecasting in the presence of systematic events: Cases in capturing sales promotions," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    10. Huber, Jakob & Stuckenschmidt, Heiner, 2020. "Daily retail demand forecasting using machine learning with emphasis on calendric special days," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 1420-1438.
    11. Régis Chenavaz & Octavio Escobar & Xavier Rousset, 2019. "An analytical framework for retailer price and advertising decisions for products with temperature-sensitive demand," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(52), pages 5683-5693, November.
    12. Arunraj, Nari Sivanandam & Ahrens, Diane, 2015. "A hybrid seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average and quantile regression for daily food sales forecasting," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 170(PA), pages 321-335.
    13. Å tulec, Ivana & Petljak, Kristina & Naletina, Dora, 2019. "Weather impact on retail sales: How can weather derivatives help with adverse weather deviations?," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 1-10.
    14. Mendes, Paulo & Leal, José Eugênio & Thomé, Antônio Márcio Tavares, 2016. "A maturity model for demand-driven supply chains in the consumer product goods industry," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 153-165.
    15. Ata Allah Taleizadeh & Kannan Govindan & Nasim Ebrahimi, 2020. "The effect of promotional cost sharing on the decisions of two-level supply chain with uncertain demand," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 290(1), pages 747-781, July.
    16. Wolters, Jannik & Huchzermeier, Arnd, 2021. "Joint In-Season and Out-of-Season Promotion Demand Forecasting in a Retail Environment," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 97(4), pages 726-745.
    17. Graça, Paula & Camarinha-Matos, Luís M., 2017. "Performance indicators for collaborative business ecosystems — Literature review and trends," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 237-255.
    18. Shuochen Wei & Lifang Wang & Wenbo Jiang & Liwei Feng & Taiwen Feng, 2023. "How eco‐control systems enhance carbon performance via low‐carbon supply chain collaboration? The moderating role of organizational unlearning," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(5), pages 2536-2554, September.
    19. Cong Zhou & Weili Xia & Taiwen Feng & Jijiao Jiang & Qingsong He, 2020. "How environmental orientation influences firm performance: The missing link of green supply chain integration," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(4), pages 685-696, July.
    20. Huber, Jakob & Stuckenschmidt, Heiner, 2021. "Intraday shelf replenishment decision support for perishable goods," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    21. Zhang, Ting & Su, Yina & Wang, Ningning, 2023. "Product quality improvement under retailer-direct financing: Effects of attitudes toward extreme weather," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ramanathan, Usha & Gunasekaran, Angappa, 2014. "Supply chain collaboration: Impact of success in long-term partnerships," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(PB), pages 252-259.
    2. Ramanathan, Usha, 2013. "Aligning supply chain collaboration using Analytic Hierarchy Process," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 41(2), pages 431-440.
    3. Caridi, Maria & Crippa, Luca & Perego, Alessandro & Sianesi, Andrea & Tumino, Angela, 2010. "Do virtuality and complexity affect supply chain visibility?," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(2), pages 372-383, October.
    4. Prajogo, Daniel & Olhager, Jan, 2012. "Supply chain integration and performance: The effects of long-term relationships, information technology and sharing, and logistics integration," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(1), pages 514-522.
    5. Babai, M.Z. & Boylan, J.E. & Syntetos, A.A. & Ali, M.M., 2016. "Reduction of the value of information sharing as demand becomes strongly auto-correlated," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 181(PA), pages 130-135.
    6. Eksoz, Can & Mansouri, S. Afshin & Bourlakis, Michael, 2014. "Collaborative forecasting in the food supply chain: A conceptual framework," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 120-135.
    7. Li Chen & Hau L. Lee, 2009. "Information Sharing and Order Variability Control Under a Generalized Demand Model," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 55(5), pages 781-797, May.
    8. Choi, Tsan-Ming & Sethi, Suresh, 2010. "Innovative quick response programs: A review," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(1), pages 1-12, September.
    9. B D Williams & M A Waller, 2011. "Estimating a retailer's base stock level: an optimal distribution center order forecast policy," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 62(4), pages 662-666, April.
    10. Williams, Brent D. & Waller, Matthew A. & Ahire, Sanjay & Ferrier, Gary D., 2014. "Predicting retailer orders with POS and order data: The inventory balance effect," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 232(3), pages 593-600.
    11. Brian Mittendorf & Jiwoong Shin & Dae-Hee Yoon, 2013. "Manufacturer marketing initiatives and retailer information sharing," Quantitative Marketing and Economics (QME), Springer, vol. 11(2), pages 263-287, June.
    12. Vishal Gaur & Avi Giloni & Sridhar Seshadri, 2005. "Information Sharing in a Supply Chain Under ARMA Demand," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 51(6), pages 961-969, June.
    13. Yossi Aviv, 2003. "A Time-Series Framework for Supply-Chain Inventory Management," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 51(2), pages 210-227, April.
    14. Graça, Paula & Camarinha-Matos, Luís M., 2017. "Performance indicators for collaborative business ecosystems — Literature review and trends," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 237-255.
    15. Brian Mittendorf & Jiwoong Shin & Dae-Hee Yoon, 2013. "Manufacturer marketing initiatives and retailer information sharing," Quantitative Marketing and Economics (QME), Springer, vol. 11(2), pages 263-287, June.
    16. Xiaowei Zhu, 2017. "Outsourcing management under various demand Information Sharing scenarios," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 257(1), pages 449-467, October.
    17. Kovtun, Vladimir & Giloni, Avi & Hurvich, Clifford, 2019. "The value of sharing disaggregated information in supply chains," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 277(2), pages 469-478.
    18. Suresh Divakar & Brian T. Ratchford & Venkatesh Shankar, 2005. "Practice Prize Article—: A Multichannel, Multiregion Sales Forecasting Model and Decision Support System for Consumer Packaged Goods," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 24(3), pages 334-350, July.
    19. Tetsuo Iida & Paul Zipkin, 2010. "Competition and Cooperation in a Two-Stage Supply Chain with Demand Forecasts," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 58(5), pages 1350-1363, October.
    20. S. O. Namusonge & Prof. E. Mukulu & Dr. N. Kirima, 2015. "Information Sharing, Cooperative Behaviour and Hotel Performance: A Survey of the Kenyan Hospitality Industry," International Journal of Business and Social Research, LAR Center Press, vol. 5(9), pages 77-92, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:proeco:v:128:y:2010:i:2:p:538-545. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ijpe .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.