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Upstream effects of female political reservations

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  • Maitra, Pushkar
  • Rosenblum, Daniel

Abstract

As a result of a constitutional amendment enacted in 1993, all levels of local government in India were required to reserve at least 33% of seats for women, without any corresponding reservations for women at the state or national level. We examine the upstream effects of this downstream quota on female political participation at the state and national level. Our results show that the introduction of the quota had significant positive impacts on the political participation of women both at the national and the state level, though the patterns of effects are quite different. Our results indicate that different mechanisms are driving more women running for office at the national and state levels.

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  • Maitra, Pushkar & Rosenblum, Daniel, 2022. "Upstream effects of female political reservations," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:poleco:v:71:y:2022:i:c:s0176268021000586
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2021.102061
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    4. Pushkar Maitra & Ananta Neelim, 2024. "Discrimination in Developing Countries," Monash Economics Working Papers 2024-03, Monash University, Department of Economics.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Gender; Affirmative action; Political engagement; India;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • K16 - Law and Economics - - Basic Areas of Law - - - Election Law
    • O20 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - General

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