IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/jbrese/v141y2022icp163-174.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Dual institutional embeddedness and home country CSR Engagement: Evidence from Indian MNEs

Author

Listed:
  • Sahasranamam, Sreevas
  • Arya, Bindu
  • Mukundhan, K.V.

Abstract

This study contributes to the international corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature and emerging market multinationals research by examining the influence of dual institutional embeddedness on home country CSR engagement in the understudied context of Indian multinational enterprises (MNEs). Specifically, we study the role of internationalization, depth of involvement in stringent CSR contexts, and implementation of mandatory CSR regulation in the home country on the domestic CSR engagement of Indian MNEs. Our results indicate that heterogeneous institutional pressures experienced by firms embedded in dual institutional contexts encourage greater home country CSR engagement.

Suggested Citation

  • Sahasranamam, Sreevas & Arya, Bindu & Mukundhan, K.V., 2022. "Dual institutional embeddedness and home country CSR Engagement: Evidence from Indian MNEs," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 163-174.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jbrese:v:141:y:2022:i:c:p:163-174
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.12.003
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0148296321009164
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.12.003?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tarun Khanna & Jan W. Rivkin, 2001. "Estimating the performance effects of business groups in emerging markets," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(1), pages 45-74, January.
    2. Suedekum, Jens, 2007. "National Champion versus Foreign Takeover," IZA Discussion Papers 2960, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Wenjing Li & Ran Zhang, 2010. "Corporate Social Responsibility, Ownership Structure, and Political Interference: Evidence from China," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 96(4), pages 631-645, November.
    4. Dam, Lammertjan & Scholtens, Bert, 2008. "Environmental regulation and MNEs location: Does CSR matter?," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(1), pages 55-65, August.
    5. N. Sivakumar, 2008. "The Business Ethics of Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata – A Forerunner in Promoting Stakeholder Welfare," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 83(2), pages 353-361, December.
    6. Li Liu & Gary Gang Tian, 2021. "Mandatory CSR disclosure, monitoring and investment efficiency: evidence from China," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 61(1), pages 595-644, March.
    7. Valentina Marano & Peter Tashman & Tatiana Kostova, 2017. "Escaping the iron cage: Liabilities of origin and CSR reporting of emerging market multinational enterprises," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 48(3), pages 386-408, April.
    8. Supriti Mishra & Damodar Suar, 2010. "Does Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Firm Performance of Indian Companies?," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 95(4), pages 571-601, September.
    9. Alan Muller & Ans Kolk, 2010. "Extrinsic and Intrinsic Drivers of Corporate Social Performance: Evidence from Foreign and Domestic Firms in Mexico," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(1), pages 1-26, January.
    10. Doh, Jonathan & Husted, Bryan W. & Matten, Dirk & Santoro, Michael, 2010. "Ahoy There! Toward Greater Congruence and Synergy Between International Business and Business Ethics Theory and Research," Business Ethics Quarterly, Cambridge University Press, vol. 20(3), pages 481-502, July.
    11. Nayan Mitra & Debmalya Mukherjee & Ajai S. Gaur, 2020. "Mandated CSR in India: Opportunities, Constraints, and the Road Ahead," CSR, Sustainability, Ethics & Governance, in: Bodo B. Schlegelmilch & Ilona Szőcs (ed.), Rethinking Business Responsibility in a Global Context, pages 193-217, Springer.
    12. Sanjay Sharma & Irene Henriques, 2005. "Stakeholder influences on sustainability practices in the Canadian forest products industry," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(2), pages 159-180, February.
    13. מחקר - ביטוח לאומי, 2008. "National Insurance Programs - 2008," Working Papers 25, National Insurance Institute of Israel.
    14. Oecd & Nea, 2008. "National Legislative and Regulatory Activities," Nuclear Law Bulletin, OECD Publishing, vol. 2008(2), pages 119-134.
    15. Sreevas Sahasranamam & Bindu Arya & Mukesh Sud, 2020. "Ownership structure and corporate social responsibility in an emerging market," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 37(4), pages 1165-1192, December.
    16. John Beddington & Cary L. Cooper & John Field & Usha Goswami & Felicia A. Huppert & Rachel Jenkins & Hannah S. Jones & Tom B. L. Kirkwood & Barbara J. Sahakian & Sandy M. Thomas, 2008. "The mental wealth of nations," Nature, Nature, vol. 455(7216), pages 1057-1060, October.
    17. Jain, Naveen Kumar & Pangarkar, Nitin & Yuan, Lin & Kumar, Vikas, 2019. "Rapid internationalization of emerging market firms—The role of geographic diversity and added cultural distance," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(6), pages 1-1.
    18. Soundararajan, Vivek & Sahasranamam, Sreevas & Khan, Zaheer & Jain, Tanusree, 2021. "Multinational enterprises and the governance of sustainability practices in emerging market supply chains: An agile governance perspective," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 56(2).
    19. Luciano Barin Cruz & Dirk Boehe, 2010. "How do Leading Retail MNCs Leverage CSR Globally? Insights from Brazil," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 91(2), pages 243-263, February.
    20. Supriti Mishra & Damodar Suar, 2010. "Do stakeholder management strategy and salience influence corporate social responsibility in Indian companies?," Social Responsibility Journal, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 6(2), pages 306-327, June.
    21. Alvaro Cuervo-Cazurra & Mehmet Genc, 2008. "Transforming disadvantages into advantages: developing-country MNEs in the least developed countries," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 39(6), pages 957-979, September.
    22. Won Oh & Young Chang & Aleksey Martynov, 2011. "The Effect of Ownership Structure on Corporate Social Responsibility: Empirical Evidence from Korea," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 104(2), pages 283-297, December.
    23. Sethi, Deepak & Judge, William, 2009. "Reappraising liabilities of foreignness within an integrated perspective of the costs and benefits of doing business abroad," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 18(4), pages 404-416, August.
    24. Sahasranamam, Sreevas & Nandakumar, M.K., 2020. "Individual capital and social entrepreneurship: Role of formal institutions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 104-117.
    25. Peter Tashman & Valentina Marano & Tatiana Kostova, 2019. "Walking the walk or talking the talk? Corporate social responsibility decoupling in emerging market multinationals," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 50(2), pages 153-171, March.
    26. Noemi Sinkovics & Samia Ferdous Hoque & Rudolf R. Sinkovics, 2016. "Rana Plaza collapse aftermath: are CSR compliance and auditing pressures effective?," Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 29(4), pages 617-649, May.
    27. Arun Kumar, 2008. "Who is Worried about the National Interest?," Working Papers id:1561, eSocialSciences.
    28. Stephen J. Brammer & Stephen Pavelin & Lynda A. Porter, 2009. "Corporate Charitable Giving, Multinational Companies and Countries of Concern," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(4), pages 575-596, June.
    29. El Ghoul, Sadok & Guedhami, Omrane & Wang, He & Kwok, Chuck C.Y., 2016. "Family control and corporate social responsibility," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 131-146.
    30. Hong, Harrison & Kacperczyk, Marcin, 2009. "The price of sin: The effects of social norms on markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(1), pages 15-36, July.
    31. Husted, Bryan W., 2015. "Corporate Social Responsibility Practice from 1800–1914: Past Initiatives and Current Debates," Business Ethics Quarterly, Cambridge University Press, vol. 25(1), pages 125-141, January.
    32. Anirvan Pant & J Ramachandran, 2017. "Navigating identity duality in multinational subsidiaries: A paradox lens on identity claims at Hindustan Unilever 1959–2015," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 48(6), pages 664-692, August.
    33. Ocde & Aen, 2008. "Travaux législatifs et réglementaires nationaux," Bulletin de droit nucléaire, Éditions OCDE, vol. 2008(1), pages 115-134.
    34. Chen, Yi-Chun & Hung, Mingyi & Wang, Yongxiang, 2018. "The effect of mandatory CSR disclosure on firm profitability and social externalities: Evidence from China," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(1), pages 169-190.
    35. Stephanie Lu Wang & Yadong Luo & Xiongwen Lu & Jinyun Sun & Vladislav Maksimov, 2014. "Autonomy delegation to foreign subsidiaries: An enabling mechanism for emerging-market multinationals," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 45(2), pages 111-130, February.
    36. Gahye Hong & Eunmi Kim, 2017. "Overcoming country-of-origin image constraints on hiring: the moderating role of CSR," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 16(4), pages 253-271, December.
    37. Alvaro Cuervo-Cazurra & Ajai Gaur & Deeksha Singh, 2019. "Pro-market institutions and global strategy: The pendulum of pro-market reforms and reversals," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 50(4), pages 598-632, June.
    38. Öberseder, Magdalena & Schlegelmilch, Bodo B. & Murphy, Patrick E., 2013. "CSR practices and consumer perceptions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(10), pages 1839-1851.
    39. Erming Xu & Hui Yang & J. Quan & Yuan Lu, 2015. "Organizational slack and corporate social performance: Empirical evidence from China’s public firms," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 32(1), pages 181-198, March.
    40. Mukherjee, Debmalya & Makarius, Erin E. & Stevens, Charles E., 2021. "A reputation transfer perspective on the internationalization of emerging market firms," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 568-579.
    41. Fisman, Raymond & Khanna, Tarun, 2004. "Facilitating Development: The Role of Business Groups," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 32(4), pages 609-628, April.
    42. Carol Y.Y. Lin & Te Yi Lin, 2008. "National intellectual capital: exploring Taiwan's standing," International Journal of Learning and Intellectual Capital, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 5(3/4), pages 311-331.
    43. K. V. Mukundhan & Sreevas Sahasranamam & James J. Cordeiro, 2019. "Corporate investments in tax havens: evidence from India," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 18(5), pages 360-388, November.
    44. repec:mpr:mprres:6476 is not listed on IDEAS
    45. Yadong Luo & Rosalie L Tung, 2007. "International expansion of emerging market enterprises: A springboard perspective," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 38(4), pages 481-498, July.
    46. Bhardwaj, Pradeep & Chatterjee, Prabirendra & Demir, Kivilcim Dogerlioglu & Turut, Ozge, 2018. "When and how is corporate social responsibility profitable?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 206-219.
    47. Murad A Mithani, 2017. "Liability of foreignness, natural disasters, and corporate philanthropy," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 48(8), pages 941-963, October.
    48. George Peng & Paul Beamish, 2008. "The Effect of National Corporate Responsibility Environment on Japanese Foreign Direct Investment," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 80(4), pages 677-695, July.
    49. Kolk, Ans & van Tulder, Rob, 2010. "International business, corporate social responsibility and sustainable development," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 19(2), pages 119-125, April.
    50. Zahra, Shaker A. & Garvis, Dennis M., 2000. "International corporate entrepreneurship and firm performance: The moderating effect of international environmental hostility," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 15(5-6), pages 469-492.
    51. Nava Subramaniam & Monika Kansal & Shekar Babu, 2017. "Governance of Mandated Corporate Social Responsibility: Evidence from Indian Government-owned Firms," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 143(3), pages 543-563, July.
    52. Kim, Chung Hee & Amaeshi, Kenneth & Harris, Simon & Suh, Chang-Jin, 2013. "CSR and the national institutional context: The case of South Korea," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(12), pages 2581-2591.
    53. Becker-Olsen, Karen L. & Cudmore, B. Andrew & Hill, Ronald Paul, 2006. "The impact of perceived corporate social responsibility on consumer behavior," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 59(1), pages 46-53, January.
    54. Ajai Gaur & Andrew Delios, 2015. "International Diversification of Emerging Market Firms: The Role of Ownership Structure and Group Affiliation," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 55(2), pages 235-253, April.
    55. Oecd & Nea, 2008. "National Legislative and Regulatory Activities," Nuclear Law Bulletin, OECD Publishing, vol. 2008(1), pages 103-122.
    56. Varadarajan, Rajan & Kaul, Rupali, 2018. "Doing well by doing good innovations: alleviation of social problems in emerging markets through corporate social innovations," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 225-233.
    57. Vittoria G. Scalera & Debmalya Mukherjee & Lucia Piscitello, 2020. "Ownership strategies in knowledge-intensive cross-border acquisitions: Comparing Chinese and Indian MNEs," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 37(1), pages 155-185, March.
    58. Gregory Jackson & Richard Deeg, 2008. "Comparing capitalisms: understanding institutional diversity and its implications for international business," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 39(4), pages 540-561, June.
    59. Javier Aguilera-Caracuel & Jaime Guerrero-Villegas & María Dolores Vidal-Salazar & Blanca L. Delgado-Márquez, 2015. "International Cultural Diversification and Corporate Social Performance in Multinational Enterprises: The Role of Slack Financial Resources," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 55(3), pages 323-353, June.
    60. repec:zbw:rwirep:0066 is not listed on IDEAS
    61. Petra Christmann & Glen Taylor, 2001. "Globalization and the Environment: Determinants of Firm Self-Regulation in China," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 32(3), pages 439-458, September.
    62. Maretno Harjoto & Hoje Jo, 2011. "Corporate Governance and CSR Nexus," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 100(1), pages 45-67, April.
    63. Glen Dowell & Stuart Hart & Bernard Yeung, 2000. "Do Corporate Global Environmental Standards Create or Destroy Market Value?," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 46(8), pages 1059-1074, August.
    64. Ramamurti, Ravi, 2012. "Competing with emerging market multinationals," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 55(3), pages 241-249.
    65. Tanusree Jain & Ruth V. Aguilera & Dima Jamali, 2017. "Corporate Stakeholder Orientation in an Emerging Country Context: A Longitudinal Cross Industry Analysis," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 143(4), pages 701-719, July.
    66. Joanna Tochman Campbell & Lorraine Eden & Stewart R Miller, 2012. "Multinationals and corporate social responsibility in host countries: Does distance matter?," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 43(1), pages 84-106, January.
    67. Bhattacharyya, Asit & Rahman, Md Lutfur, 2019. "Mandatory CSR expenditure and firm performance," Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 15(3).
    68. Pisani, Niccolò & Kourula, Arno & Kolk, Ans & Meijer, Renske, 2017. "How global is international CSR research? Insights and recommendations from a systematic review," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 52(5), pages 591-614.
    69. Valentina Marano & Tatiana Kostova, 2016. "Unpacking the Institutional Complexity in Adoption of CSR Practices in Multinational Enterprises," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(1), pages 28-54, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Anthony Goerzen & Michael Sartor & Kristin Brandl & Stacey Fitzsimmons, 2023. "Widening the lens: Multilevel drivers of firm corporate social performance," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 54(1), pages 42-60, February.
    2. Tong Sheng & Bingquan Fang & Xiaoqian Lu & Xingheng Shi & Chaohai Shen & Xiaolan Zhou, 2022. "The Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility, Global Investment, and Equity Incentives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-27, December.
    3. Ge Ren & Ping Zeng & Xi Zhong, 2024. "Differentiation strategies and firms' environmental, social and governance: The different moderating effects of historical and social performance shortfalls," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(1), pages 719-740, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sreevas Sahasranamam & Bindu Arya & Mukesh Sud, 2020. "Ownership structure and corporate social responsibility in an emerging market," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 37(4), pages 1165-1192, December.
    2. Na Yang & Jue Wang & Xiaming Liu & Lingyun Huang, 2022. "Home-country institutions and corporate social responsibility of emerging economy multinational enterprises: The belt and road initiative as an example," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 39(3), pages 927-965, September.
    3. Kalpana Tokas & Kartik Yadav, 2023. "Foreign Ownership and Corporate Social Responsibility: The Case of an Emerging Market," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 24(6), pages 1302-1325, December.
    4. Xuelin Bu & Limin Chen, 2023. "From efficiency to legitimacy: the changing logic of internal CSR in emerging multinationals during internationalization," Asian Business & Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 22(4), pages 1418-1453, September.
    5. Roger Leonard Burritt & Katherine Leanne Christ & Hussain Gulzar Rammal & Stefan Schaltegger, 2020. "Multinational Enterprise Strategies for Addressing Sustainability: the Need for Consolidation," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 164(2), pages 389-410, June.
    6. Pei Sun & Jonathan P. Doh & Tazeeb Rajwani & Donald Siegel, 2021. "Navigating cross-border institutional complexity: A review and assessment of multinational nonmarket strategy research," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 52(9), pages 1818-1853, December.
    7. Pisani, Niccolò & Kourula, Arno & Kolk, Ans & Meijer, Renske, 2017. "How global is international CSR research? Insights and recommendations from a systematic review," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 52(5), pages 591-614.
    8. Brandon Ives & Jori Breslawski, 2022. "Greed, grievance, or graduates? Why do men rebel?," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 59(3), pages 319-336, May.
    9. Mukherjee, Debmalya & Kumar, Satish & Mukherjee, Deepraj & Goyal, Kirti, 2022. "Mapping five decades of international business and management research on India: A bibliometric analysis and future directions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 864-891.
    10. Eduardo Duque-Grisales & Javier Aguilera-Caracuel, 2021. "Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Scores and Financial Performance of Multilatinas: Moderating Effects of Geographic International Diversification and Financial Slack," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 168(2), pages 315-334, January.
    11. Yan-Leung Cheung & Dongmin Kong & Weiqiang Tan & Wenming Wang, 2015. "Being Good When Being International in an Emerging Economy: The Case of China," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 130(4), pages 805-817, September.
    12. Popli, Manish & Raithatha, Mehul & Ahsan, Faisal Mohammad, 2021. "Signaling behavioral intent through better governance: A study of emerging market multinational enterprises," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 697-710.
    13. Peter Tashman & Valentina Marano & Tatiana Kostova, 2019. "Walking the walk or talking the talk? Corporate social responsibility decoupling in emerging market multinationals," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 50(2), pages 153-171, March.
    14. Rice, Mason & Butts, Jonathan & Miller, Robert & Shenoi, Sujeet, 2010. "Applying public health strategies to the protection of cyberspace," International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection, Elsevier, vol. 3(3), pages 118-127.
    15. Robert Harmel & Chen Shen & Yao‐Yuan Yeh, 2022. "Understanding Chinese nationalism: Does location matter?," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 103(3), pages 670-685, May.
    16. Vikrant Shirodkar & Namita Shete, 2021. "The Impact of Domestic CSR on the Internationalisation of Emerging-Market Multinational Enterprises: Evidence from India," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 61(6), pages 799-829, December.
    17. Zhou, Bo & Zhang, Ying & Zhou, Peng, 2021. "Multilateral political effects on outbound tourism," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    18. James J. Cordeiro & Ambra Galeazzo & Tara Shankar Shaw & Rajaram Veliyath & M. K. Nandakumar, 2018. "Ownership influences on corporate social responsibility in the Indian context," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 35(4), pages 1107-1136, December.
    19. Øivind Schøyen, 2021. "What limits the efficacy of coercion?," Cliometrica, Springer;Cliometric Society (Association Francaise de Cliométrie), vol. 15(2), pages 267-318, May.
    20. Shobha Tewari & Bibek Bhattacharya, 2023. "Financial resources, corporate social responsibility, and ownership type: Evidence from India," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 40(3), pages 1093-1132, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:jbrese:v:141:y:2022:i:c:p:163-174. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jbusres .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.