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Energy performance indexes for solar assisted ground source heat pump systems with photovoltaic-thermal collectors

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  • Sakellariou, Evangelos I.
  • Axaopoulos, Petros J.

Abstract

Applications with photovoltaic thermal collectors (PVTs) are becoming popular due to their capability of cogenerating heat and power from the same surface. Solar assisted ground source heat pump (SAGSHP) systems are considered a potential solution for utilization of PVTs. Up to now, the seasonal performance factor (SPF) has been used by most of the existing literature to evaluate the energy performance of the PVT based SAGSHP systems. However, the PVTs coproduce heat and power, and the SPF omits the generated electricity and overlooks the influence of the system on the collectors’ electrical efficiency. Driven by the limitation of the SPF to illustrate the overall system’s energy performance, this study introduces a new improved energy performance metric. The study was carried out by varying the size of the PVT array and via the results six energy indexes were evaluated. The parametric analysis was conducted by a validated model formulated in TRNSYS. Based on the results, the renewable power fraction (RPF) was found as the most suitable index to assess the performance of PVT-SAGSHP system. A 7% reduction was estimated in the PVTs’ electricity generation, by choosing the higher SPF instead the higher RPF. The proposed RPF index overcomes restrictions of doing calculations with both electricity and heat at the same equation. Thus, the RPF is considered capable of indicating the overall energy performance of the systems, without limitations. Finally, the proposed metric (RPF) can be used to study the energy performance of any solar system equipped with PVTs.

Suggested Citation

  • Sakellariou, Evangelos I. & Axaopoulos, Petros J., 2020. "Energy performance indexes for solar assisted ground source heat pump systems with photovoltaic-thermal collectors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:272:y:2020:i:c:s0306261920307534
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115241
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    2. Ali Yildirim, Mehmet & Bartyzel, Filip & Vallati, Andrea & Woźniak, Magdalena Kozień & Ocłoń, Paweł, 2023. "Efficient energy storage in residential buildings integrated with RESHeat system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 335(C).
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    4. Qiu, Guodong & Li, Kuangfu & Cai, Weihua & Yu, Shipeng, 2023. "Optimization of an integrated system including a photovoltaic/thermal system and a ground source heat pump system for building energy supply in cold areas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 349(C).
    5. Bulmez, A.M. & Ciofoaia, V. & Năstase, G. & Dragomir, G. & Brezeanu, A.I. & Şerban, A., 2022. "An experimental work on the performance of a solar-assisted ground-coupled heat pump using a horizontal ground heat exchanger," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 849-865.
    6. You, Tian & Wang, Fang, 2023. "Green ground source heat pump using various low-global-warming-potential refrigerants: Thermal imbalance and long-term performance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 159-173.
    7. Zhao, Lu-Tao & Liu, Zhao-Ting & Cheng, Lei, 2021. "How will China's coal industry develop in the future? A quantitative analysis with policy implications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    8. Chen, Yuzhu & Hua, Huilian & Wang, Jun & Lund, Peter D., 2021. "Thermodynamic performance analysis and modified thermo-ecological cost optimization of a hybrid district heating system considering energy levels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    9. Bae, Sangmu & Chae, Hobyung & Nam, Yujin, 2023. "Experimental analysis of an integrated system using photovoltaic–thermal and air source heat pump for real applications," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C).
    10. Chen, Yuzhu & Hua, Huilian & Wang, Jun & Lund, Peter D., 2021. "Integrated performance analysis of a space heating system assisted by photovoltaic/thermal collectors and ground source heat pump for hotel and office building types," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 925-934.
    11. Zou, Lingeng & Liu, Ye & Yu, Mengqi & Yu, Jianlin, 2023. "A review of solar assisted heat pump technology for drying applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    12. Evangelos I. Sakellariou & Petros J. Axaopoulos & Bill Vaneck Bot & Ioannis E. Sarris, 2022. "Energy Performance Evaluation of a Solar PVT Thermal Energy Storage System Based on Small Size Borefield," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-19, October.

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