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A modelling study for the integration of a PEMFC micro-CHP in domestic building services design

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  • Adam, Alexandros
  • Fraga, Eric S.
  • Brett, Dan J.L.

Abstract

Fuel cell based micro-combined heat and power (CHP) units used for domestic applications can provide significant cost and environmental benefits for end users and contribute to the UK’s 2050 emissions target by reducing primary energy consumption in dwellings. Lately there has been increased interest in the development of systematic methods for the design of such systems and their smoother integration with domestic building services. Several models in the literature, whether they use a simulation or an optimisation approach, ignore the dwelling side of the system and optimise the efficiency or delivered power of the unit. However the design of the building services is linked to the choice of heating plant and its characteristics. Adding the dwelling’s energy demand and temperature constraints in a model can produce more general results that can optimise the whole system, not only the micro-CHP unit. The fuel cell has various heat streams that can be harvested to satisfy heat demand in a dwelling and the design can vary depending on the proportion of heat needed from each heat stream to serve the energy demand. A mixed integer non-linear programming model (MINLP) that can handle multiple heat sources and demands is presented in this paper. The methodology utilises a process systems engineering approach. The model can provide a design that integrates the temperature and water flow constraints of a dwelling’s heating system with the heat streams within the fuel cell processes while optimising total CO2 emissions. The model is demonstrated through different case studies that attempt to capture the variability of the housing stock. The predicted CO2 emissions reduction compared to a conventionally designed building vary from 27% to 30% and the optimum capacity of the fuel cell ranges between 1.9 kW and 3.6 kW. This research represents a significant step towards an integrated fuel cell micro-CHP and dwelling design.

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  • Adam, Alexandros & Fraga, Eric S. & Brett, Dan J.L., 2018. "A modelling study for the integration of a PEMFC micro-CHP in domestic building services design," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 85-97.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:225:y:2018:i:c:p:85-97
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.066
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    4. Kwan, Trevor Hocksun & Katsushi, Fujii & Shen, Yongting & Yin, Shunan & Zhang, Yongchao & Kase, Kiwamu & Yao, Qinghe, 2020. "Comprehensive review of integrating fuel cells to other energy systems for enhanced performance and enabling polygeneration," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    5. Praveen Cheekatamarla, 2022. "Role of On-Site Generation in Carbon Emissions and Utility Bill Savings under Different Electric Grid Scenarios," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-13, May.
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    7. Lucrezia Manservigi & Mattia Cattozzo & Pier Ruggero Spina & Mauro Venturini & Hilal Bahlawan, 2020. "Optimal Management of the Energy Flows of Interconnected Residential Users," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-21, March.
    8. Zhang, Tong & Li, Zhigang & Wu, Q.H. & Zhou, Xiaoxin, 2019. "Decentralized state estimation of combined heat and power systems using the asynchronous alternating direction method of multipliers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C), pages 600-613.
    9. Di Marcoberardino, G. & Chiarabaglio, L. & Manzolini, G. & Campanari, S., 2019. "A Techno-economic comparison of micro-cogeneration systems based on polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell for residential applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 692-705.
    10. Kwan, Trevor Hocksun & Shen, Yongting & Yao, Qinghe, 2019. "An energy management strategy for supplying combined heat and power by the fuel cell thermoelectric hybrid system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
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