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Hardening soft accounting information: Games for planning organizational change

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  • Rowe, Casey
  • Shields, Michael D.
  • Birnberg, Jacob G.

Abstract

This study provides theory and field evidence on the social process of hardening soft accounting information to make it persuasive for planning organizational change. Accounting information intended to support organizational change is often soft, that is, there is lack of interpersonal agreement about its quality. For example, employees can lack agreement about the quality of accounting information (e.g., activity-based costing) because the information is constructed from subjective information obtained from interviews and surveys. This information can contain unintentional errors as well as intentional distortions that are intended to avoid revealing embarrassing inefficiencies and/or to resist painful organizational change. We use concepts from applied game theory and social psychology to identify from the accounting literature four multi-person games that may be played to harden soft accounting information. These hardening games are characterized in terms of payoffs, players, the comparability of soft accounting information, and the rules of the games that are expected to emerge. We interpret the field evidence as indicating that the hardening games that emerge depend on who the players are and the comparability of their soft accounting information. In addition, we provide evidence on how the rules of the games that harden the information emerge from the players’ social interactions. Finally, we provide evidence on how an organization learns by trial-and-error how to harden soft accounting information by changing the players and the comparability of the soft accounting information.

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  • Rowe, Casey & Shields, Michael D. & Birnberg, Jacob G., 2012. "Hardening soft accounting information: Games for planning organizational change," Accounting, Organizations and Society, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 260-279.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:aosoci:v:37:y:2012:i:4:p:260-279
    DOI: 10.1016/j.aos.2012.02.003
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    6. Pantic, B., 2016. "Comparability of financial reports: A literature review of most recent studies," Working Papers 6451, Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University.
    7. Christ, Katherine L. & Burritt, Roger L., 2016. "ISO 14051: A new era for MFCA implementation and research," Revista de Contabilidad - Spanish Accounting Review, Elsevier, vol. 19(1), pages 1-9.
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    9. Sandra Cohen & Sotirios Karatzimas, 2016. "Modernizing government accounting standards in Greece: a case of ‘garbage can’ decision-making," Public Money & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(3), pages 173-180, April.
    10. Fasshauer, Ingrid, 2012. "Les interactions entre contrôle et stratégie : redéfinition du rôle des cadres intermédiaires et du levier interactif de contrôle," Economics Thesis from University Paris Dauphine, Paris Dauphine University, number 123456789/11150 edited by Berland, Nicolas.
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