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Lluvias, Servicios Públicos y Mortalidad Infantil en Colombia

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  • Burgos Velasco, Juan Sebastián

Abstract

Este documento estudia las coberturas de servicios públicos de acueducto y alcantarillado como mecanismos de protección ante fenómenos de precipitaciones extremas en Colombia, para el periodo 1985-2018. Tomando estos fenómenos como el número de días por año en que una municipalidad sufrió de sequías o lluvias intensas, se encuentra que, entre mayor es el nivel de cobertura de acueducto, el efecto de las primeras sobre la tasa de mortalidad infantil disminuye y, así mismo, el contar con una cobertura alcantarillado más alta reduce el efecto de las lluvias. Al diferenciar la mortalidad por sexo, se encuentra que los efectos de la provisión de estos servicios públicos son mayores para los niños, resultado coherente con la literatura médica que señala una mayor fortaleza del sistema inmunológico de las niñas. Finalmente, se realiza un chequeo de robustez por causa de mortalidad específica, encontrando que solo las enfermedades de origen hídrico están relacionadas con estos efectos.*** Abstract: This paper studies the role of aqueduct and sewerage public service coverage as protection mechanisms against extreme rainfall phenomena in Colombia from 1985 to 2018. Measuring these phenomena as the number of days per year in which a municipality suffered from droughts or heavy rains, the analysis finds that aqueduct and sewer coverage reduces the effect of droughts and extreme rainfall, respectively, on infant mortality rates. When differentiating mortality by sex, the effects are more considerable for boys, consistent with the medical literature that indicates a greater strength of girls’ immune systems. Moreover, cause-specific mortality estimates reveal that only water-origin diseases are related to these effects.

Suggested Citation

  • Burgos Velasco, Juan Sebastián, 2023. "Lluvias, Servicios Públicos y Mortalidad Infantil en Colombia," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, vol. 53, pages 81-112, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000438:021121
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sebastian Galiani & Paul Gertler & Ernesto Schargrodsky, 2005. "Water for Life: The Impact of the Privatization of Water Services on Child Mortality," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 113(1), pages 83-120, February.
    2. Andalón, Mabel & Azevedo, João Pedro & Rodríguez-Castelán, Carlos & Sanfelice, Viviane & Valderrama-González, Daniel, 2016. "Weather Shocks and Health at Birth in Colombia," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 69-82.
    3. Nizalova Olena Y. & Murtazashvili Irina, 2016. "Exogenous Treatment and Endogenous Factors: Vanishing of Omitted Variable Bias on the Interaction Term," Journal of Econometric Methods, De Gruyter, vol. 5(1), pages 71-77, January.
    4. David Cutler & Grant Miller, 2005. "The role of public health improvements in health advances: The twentieth-century United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 42(1), pages 1-22, February.
    5. Carolina Domínguez & Eduardo Uribe, 2005. "Evolución Del Servicio De Acueducto Y Alcantarillado Durante La Última Década," Documentos CEDE 2667, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    6. Virginia Zarulli & Julia A. Barthold Jones & Anna Oksuzyan & Rune Lindahl-Jacobsen & Kaare Christensen & James W. Vaupel, 2018. "Women live longer than men even during severe famines and epidemics," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 115(4), pages 832-840, January.
    7. Alejandro Gaviria, 2010. "Cambio social en Colombia durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX," Documentos CEDE 7714, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Lluvias; Servicios Públicos; Mortalidad Infantil; Género Colombia; Rain; Public Services; Child Mortality; Genre Colombia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H41 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Public Goods
    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

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