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La duración del desempleo y el desempleo de larga duración en Colombia

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Abstract

“Entre 1976 y 1987 el empleo urbano en Colombia experimentó un ciclo completo, con tres fases bien definidas: auge (1976/1980), crisis (1980/86), y recuperación (1986/87). Por su lado, el ano 1988 marca una relativa desaceleración en la generación de puestos de trabajo. Como se sabe, ese ciclo ha estado bastante ligado al del producto urbano. Pasada la crisis, el auge que desde mediados de 1986 experimentó la ocupación en el país fue tal, que la tasa de desempleo urbano terminó por ceder. El primer quinquenio de los ochenta había aumentado el desempleo en las cuatro metrópolis principales del 8.2% en 1981 al 14.5% en junio de 1985. Sin embargo, la duración media del desempleo ha continuado estancada a un alto nivel, a pesar de la menor tasa de desempleo experimentada en 1986/87. A medida que el tiempo medio de búsqueda se fue alargando durante los anos ochenta, la distribución porcentual de los desocupados por tiempo de búsqueda se fue modificando, de tal manera que el porcentaje de los desempleados durante menos de 12 semanas cayó de cerca del 58% en 1980 al 38% en 1986. En el otro extremo, los desocupados de más de 48 semanas aumentaran del 18% al 40%. Así las cosas, el desempleo de larga duración medido por el tiempo de búsqueda explicaba hacia fines de 1987 unos cuatro puntos de la tasa de desempleo total existente en comparación con los 2 puntos que representaba a fines de los setenta. En estas condiciones, vale la pena examinar mejor tanto el significado como las características de este desempleo de larga duración. No es lo mismo que la duración del desempleo afecte por igual a todos los desempleados que afecte a un grupo reducido.”

Suggested Citation

  • Hugo López, 1988. "La duración del desempleo y el desempleo de larga duración en Colombia," Coyuntura Económica, Fedesarrollo, vol. 18(4), pages 163-186, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000438:013910
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11445/2447
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stephen W. Salant, 1977. "Search Theory and Duration Data: A Theory of Sorts," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 91(1), pages 39-57.
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    Cited by:

    1. Carlos Augusto Viáfara L & José Ignacio Uribe G, 2009. "Duración del desempleo y canales de búsqueda de empleo en Colombia," Revista de Economía Institucional, Universidad Externado de Colombia - Facultad de Economía, vol. 11(21), pages 139-160, July-Dece.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Informes de Investigación; Desempleo; Empleo; Estabilidad Laboral;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
    • J64 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search

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