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Zahlt sich Akademisierung aus?: Geschlechtsspezifische Lohnniveaus und Erträge von höherer Bildung in Pflege- und ärztlichen Berufen

Author

Listed:
  • Schäfer Andrea
  • Gottschall Karin

    (Universität Bremen, SOCIUM Forschungszentrum Ungleichheit und Sozialpolitik, Mary-Somerville-Straße 5, 28359 Bremen)

Abstract

Der Gesundheitssektor in Deutschland ist durch eine steigende Präsenz von Frauen im traditionell von Männern dominierten ärztlichen Berufsfeld und eine leichte Zunahme von Fachkräften mit akademischer Ausbildung in der von Frauen dominierten Kranken- und Altenpflege gekennzeichnet. Was diese Entwicklung für die Einkommen der männlichen und weiblichen Beschäftigten im expansiven Gesundheitswesen bedeutet, ist offen. Der Beitrag untersucht auf Basis von SOEP-Daten für die Jahre 2010-2013 die Einkommensniveaus und -zugewinne auf Basis höherer Bildung für männliche und weibliche Fachkräfte in der Kranken- und Altenpflege und im ärztlichen Berufsfeld. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Frauen im Vergleich zu Männern in allen drei Berufen sowohl geringere Bruttostundenlöhne als auch geringere Bildungsrenditen erzielen, wobei die geschlechtsspezifischen Differenzen bei der akademisierten ärztlichen Tätigkeit geringer sind als in der berufsfachlich geprägten Krankenpflege. Die heterogene und weiterhin expansive Altenpflege ist durch geringe Einkommensniveaus für beide Geschlechter und besonders hohe Bildungsrenditen der männlichen Fachkräfte gekennzeichnet. Diese Differenzen verweisen darauf, dass die Frage, warum Frauen auch bei gleicher Qualifikation geringere Einkommenszuwächse erzielen, weiterer berufsfeldspezifischer Untersuchung bedarf.

Suggested Citation

  • Schäfer Andrea & Gottschall Karin, 2016. "Zahlt sich Akademisierung aus?: Geschlechtsspezifische Lohnniveaus und Erträge von höherer Bildung in Pflege- und ärztlichen Berufen," Arbeit, De Gruyter, vol. 25(3-4), pages 125-145, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:bpj:arbeit:v:25:y:2016:i:3-4:p:125-145:n:3
    DOI: 10.1515/arbeit-2016-0033
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    References listed on IDEAS

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