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Measuring Job Accessibility Through Integrating Travel Time, Transit Fare And Income: A Study Of The Chicago Metropolitan Area

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  • Dong Liu
  • Mei‐Po Kwan

Abstract

Job accessibility, as a crucial social equity indicator, has been primarily measured by travel time/distance and transit fare. However, the effect of income has rarely been integrated with the total travel monetary cost (i.e. the sum of transit fare and travel time monetary cost) in measuring job accessibility. The different sensitivity to travel cost of people with different income levels should be included in job accessibility measures. This study proposes a measure that turns travel time, transit fare and income into a comparable unit and considers the total travel monetary cost as a percentage of income. We measure transit‐based accessibility to low‐pay jobs in Chicago before and after considering the total travel monetary cost as a percentage of income. The results indicate that the job accessibility for low‐income people is overestimated while the job accessibility for non‐low‐income people is underestimated based on the traditional measure. The proposed measure mitigates the overestimation and underestimation effects and helps better inform policy‐makers of the real job accessibility distribution pattern.

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  • Dong Liu & Mei‐Po Kwan, 2020. "Measuring Job Accessibility Through Integrating Travel Time, Transit Fare And Income: A Study Of The Chicago Metropolitan Area," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 111(4), pages 671-685, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:tvecsg:v:111:y:2020:i:4:p:671-685
    DOI: 10.1111/tesg.12415
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    Cited by:

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    2. Pereira, Rafael H. M. & Herszenhut, Daniel & Saraiva, Marcus & Farber, Steven, 2023. "Ride-hailing and transit accessibility considering the trade-off between time and money," OSF Preprints pesjk, Center for Open Science.
    3. Lowe, Kate & Barajas, Jesus & Coren, Chelsie, 2023. "“It's annoying, confusing, and it's irritating”: Lived expertise for epistemic justice and understanding inequitable accessibility," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    4. Da Silva, Diego & Klumpenhouwer, Willem & Karner, Alex & Robinson, Mitchell & Liu, Rick & Shalaby, Amer, 2022. "Living on a fare: Modeling and quantifying the effects of fare budgets on transit access and equity," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    5. Yan, Xiang & Bejleri, Ilir & Zhai, Liang, 2022. "A spatiotemporal analysis of transit accessibility to low-wage jobs in Miami-Dade County," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    6. Herszenhut, Daniel & Pereira, Rafael H. M. & da Silva Portugal, Licinio & de Sousa Oliveira, Matheus Henrique, 2021. "The impact of transit monetary costs on transport equity analyses," OSF Preprints e3tac, Center for Open Science.
    7. Giannotti, Mariana & Tomasiello, Diego B. & Bittencourt, Taina A., 2022. "The bias in estimating accessibility inequalities using gravity-based metrics," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    8. Yunqiang Xue & Lin Cheng & Haoran Jiang & Jun Guo & Hongzhi Guan, 2023. "The Optimization of Bus Departure Time Based on Uncertainty Theory—Taking No. 207 Bus Line of Nanchang City, China, as an Example," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-18, April.

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