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Spatial trends of innovation in the Russian oil and gas sector: What does patent activity in Siberia and the Arctic reflect?

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  • Valeriy Kryukov
  • Anatoliy Tokarev

Abstract

Development of mineral (mostly hydrocarbon) resources has shaped the social and economic dynamics of Siberia1 and of the Russian Arctic Zone for a long time. The conditions of such development in the upstream oil and gas sector (OGS)2 get increasingly more complicated, enhancing the need for new knowledge and technologies, as well as the role of cooperation among various companies with their special practices and advantages. The patenting activity is a useful indicator here. The oil‐ and gas‐related patenting tends now to be concentrated in capital agglomerations (Moscow, St. Petersburg) and in the Republic of Tatarstan. This process is reinforced by a declining role of cities in Siberia and the Arctic Zone that used to be focal points of local knowledge and competences. The stronger concentration of patenting activity in the metropolitan areas stems to a large degree from the availability of highly qualified personnel, the overall high quality and intensity of research and development (R&D), and the companies’ policies of locating their technology centers in these cities. This situation conforms to the global trend (in our case, at the level of subnational regions) toward a spatial concentration of R&D activities in large companies and R&D centers located in agglomerations. El desarrollo de los recursos minerales (sobre todo de hidrocarburos) ha configurado la dinámica social y económica de Siberia1 y de la zona ártica de Rusia durante mucho tiempo. Las condiciones de este desarrollo en el sector de la exploración y producción del petróleo y del gas2 son cada vez más complicadas, lo que aumenta la necesidad de nuevos conocimientos y tecnologías, así como el papel de la cooperación entre diferentes empresas con prácticas y ventajas diferentes. La actividad en materia de patentes es un indicador útil en este caso. Las patentes relacionadas con el petróleo y el gas tienden ahora a concentrarse en las aglomeraciones de las capitales (Moscú, San Petersburgo) y en la República de Tatarstán. Este proceso se ve reforzado por el declive del papel de las ciudades de Siberia y de la zona ártica, que solían ser focos de conocimientos y pericia locales. La mayor concentración de actividad de patentes en las áreas metropolitanas se debe en gran medida a la disponibilidad de personal altamente cualificado, a la alta calidad e intensidad en general de la investigación y el desarrollo (I+D) y a las políticas de las empresas de ubicar sus centros tecnológicos en estas ciudades. Esta situación se ajusta a la tendencia global (en este caso, a nivel de regiones subnacionales) hacia una concentración espacial de las actividades de I+D en grandes empresas y de centros de I+D situados en las aglomeraciones. 鉱物資源開発(主に炭化水素)は、これまでシベリアとロシアの北極地帯の社会経済を形成してきた。石油・ガスの上流部門におけるこのような開発の条件はますます複雑化しており、新たな知識や技術、そしてそれぞれに専門性や長所がある様々な複数の企業による協力の必要性が高まっている。これに関して、特許活動は有用な指標となる。石油・ガス関連の特許は、現在、資本の集積地(モスクワ、サンクトペテルブルク)やタタールスタン共和国に集中する傾向にある。かつては地域の知識と能力の中心であったシベリアや北極地方の都市の役割が減少しており、この傾向はさらに強くなっている。首都圏に特許活動が集中しているのは、質の高い人材の確保、研究開発(R&D)の全般的な質の高さと強度、そしてこれらの都市にテクノロージーの中心を置くという企業の方針に起因するところが大きい。こうした状況は、研究開発活動が集積地に立地する大企業や研究開発センターに空間的に集中する世界的な傾向(本稿の事例は、地方レベルであるが)と一致するものである。

Suggested Citation

  • Valeriy Kryukov & Anatoliy Tokarev, 2022. "Spatial trends of innovation in the Russian oil and gas sector: What does patent activity in Siberia and the Arctic reflect?," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 14(1), pages 127-146, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:14:y:2022:i:1:p:127-146
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12445
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    1. M. E. Lebedeva, 2023. "A Study of the Development of Innovative Activities in Oil and Gas Regions Using a Cross-Methodological Approach," Studies on Russian Economic Development, Springer, vol. 34(2), pages 231-242, April.
    2. V. A. Kryukov & A. N. Tokarev, 2023. "Innovative-Resource Directions of Industrial Development: The Example of the South of the Tyumen Oblast," Studies on Russian Economic Development, Springer, vol. 34(1), pages 25-32, February.
    3. Anna Komarova, 2022. "State Regulation of Energy Transition and Economic Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-13, June.

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