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Transportation Costs and US Manufacturing FDI

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  • Joseph P. Daniels
  • Marc Ruhr

Abstract

In empirical models of foreign direct investment (FDI), distance is most often used to proxy for transportation costs and other pure-trade costs. Given that distance is time invariant but transportation costs are not, this approach is less than satisfactory when actual transportation costs rise and fall over time.The contribution of this work is to explicitly control for transportation costs and thereby better understand their impact on FDI. We explore the impact of shipping costs on total US FDI stocks abroad, manufacturing stocks and service stocks using measures of sea-shipping and air-shipping costs in a Hausman–Taylor model that controls for endogeneity and allows for time-invariant variables such as distance. We find that transportation costs have a positive and statistically significant relationship with US total and manufacturing FDI, suggesting a substitute relationship between FDI and trade flows consistent with horizontal MNE activity. As one would expect, these costs are insignificant for service stocks.

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  • Joseph P. Daniels & Marc Ruhr, 2014. "Transportation Costs and US Manufacturing FDI," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(2), pages 299-309, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:reviec:v:22:y:2014:i:2:p:299-309
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    3. Renqu Tian & Zisheng Yang & Qinglong Shao, 2019. "China’s Arable Land Investment in the “Belt and Road” Region: An Empirical Study of Overseas Arable Land Resources," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-17, December.
    4. Paniagua, Jordi & Figueiredo, Erik & Sapena, Juan, 2015. "Quantile regression for the FDI gravity equation," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(7), pages 1512-1518.
    5. ISHIKAWA, Jota & 石川, 城太 & TARUI, Nori & 樽井, 礼, 2015. "Backfiring with backhaul problems: Trade and Industrial Policies with Endogenous Transport Costs," Discussion paper series HIAS-E-12, Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study, Hitotsubashi University.
    6. Liu, Zhiyuan & Xu, Yue & Wang, Peijie & Akamavi, Raphaël, 2016. "A pendulum gravity model of outward FDI and export," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 25(6), pages 1356-1371.
    7. Salvador Gil-Pareja & Rafael Llorca-Vivero & Jordi Paniagua, 2021. "Headquarters intangible capital and FDI," Working Papers 2107, Department of Applied Economics II, Universidad de Valencia.
    8. Huizheng Liu & Jingyi Zhang & Qi Han & Wenshen Pan & Muhammad Afaq Haider Jafri, 2022. "Impact of Economic Policy Uncertainty on the Stability of Enterprises Embedded in a Global Value Chain," Advances in Management and Applied Economics, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 12(2), pages 1-3.
    9. Halaszovich, Tilo F. & Kinra, Aseem, 2020. "The impact of distance, national transportation systems and logistics performance on FDI and international trade patterns: Results from Asian global value chains," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 35-47.
    10. HIGASHIDA Keisaku & ISHIKAWA Jota & TARUI Nori, 2021. "Carrying Carbon? Negative and Positive Carbon Leakage with International Transport," Discussion papers 21102, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    11. Wanfu Jin & Chunshan Zhou, 2022. "Effect of Land Marketization Level and Land Prices on Foreign Direct Investment in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-20, August.
    12. Hafiz M. Sohail & Mir Zatullah & Zengfu Li, 2021. "Effect of Foreign Direct Investment on Bilateral Trade: Experience From Asian Emerging Economies," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(4), pages 21582440211, October.
    13. Lv, Ping & Curran, Louise & Spigarelli, Francesca & Barbieri, Elisa, 2021. "One country, many industries: Heterogeneity of Chinese OFDI motivations at meso level," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).

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