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How Do Underwriters Select Peers When Valuing IPOs?

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  • Stefano Paleari
  • Andrea Signori
  • Silvio Vismara

Abstract

type="main"> Valuing initial public offerings (IPOs) using multiples allows underwriters discretion when selecting comparable firms. We find that they systematically exclude candidate comparable firms that make a given IPO appear overvalued. On average, comparable firms published in official prospectuses have 13%-38% higher valuation multiples than those obtained from matching algorithms or selected by sell-side analysts, including the same underwriter's analyst after the IPO. Even if IPOs are priced at a discount as compared to peers selected by the underwriters, they are still at a premium with regard to alternatively selected peers. Greater bias in the underwriter's selection of peers leads to poorer long run performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefano Paleari & Andrea Signori & Silvio Vismara, 2014. "How Do Underwriters Select Peers When Valuing IPOs?," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 43(4), pages 731-755, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:finmgt:v:43:y:2014:i:4:p:731-755
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Drivas, Kyriakos & Gounopoulos, Dimitrios & Konstantios, Dimitrios & Tsiritakis, Emmanuel, 2018. "Trademarks, Firm Longevity and IPO Underpricing," MPRA Paper 89430, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Lokman Tutuncu, 2020. "Initial public offering price support, valuation, and returns," Eurasian Economic Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 10(2), pages 267-282, June.
    3. Silvio Vismara, 2016. "Equity retention and social network theory in equity crowdfunding," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 46(4), pages 579-590, April.
    4. Cao, Shijiao & Wang, Jianqiong & Zhou, Jianan, 2022. "Pricing like things alike: The role of financial statement comparability in bond pricing," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 428-447.
    5. Fisch, Christian & Meoli, Michele & Vismara, Silvio & Block, Jörn H., 2022. "The effect of trademark breadth on IPO valuation and post-IPO performance: an empirical investigation of 1510 European IPOs," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 37(5).
    6. Abdul Rasheed & Muhammad Khalid Sohail & Shahab-Ud Din & Muhammad Ijaz, 2018. "How Do Investment Banks Price Initial Public Offerings? An Empirical Analysis of Emerging Market," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 6(3), pages 1-19, September.
    7. Lokman Tutuncu, 2020. "Lock-up provisions and valuation of Turkish IPOs," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 10(4), pages 587-608, December.
    8. Matteo Bonaventura & Giancarlo Giudici, 2017. "IPO valuation and profitability expectations: evidence from the Italian exchange," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 7(2), pages 247-266, August.
    9. Cattaneo, Mattia & Meoli, Michele & Vismara, Silvio, 2015. "Financial regulation and IPOs: Evidence from the history of the Italian stock market," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 116-131.
    10. Gao, Shenghao & Cao, Feng & Fok, Robert (Chi-Wing), 2019. "The anchoring effect of underwriters' proposed price ranges on institutional investors' bid prices in IPO auctions: Evidence from China," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 111-127.
    11. Katrin Migliorati & Silvio Vismara, 2014. "Ranking Underwriters of European IPOs," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 20(5), pages 891-925, November.
    12. Andrea Signori & Silvio Vismara, 2017. "Stock-financed M&As of newly listed firms," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 48(1), pages 115-134, January.
    13. Vismara, Silvio & Signori, Andrea & Paleari, Stefano, 2015. "Changes in underwriters' selection of comparable firms pre- and post-IPO: Same bank, same company, different peers," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 235-250.
    14. Gantenbein,, 2016. "Unternehmerisches Finanzmanagement – Meilensteine der Entwicklung," Die Unternehmung - Swiss Journal of Business Research and Practice, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, vol. 70(4), pages 387-406.
    15. Huong Dang & Michael Jolly, 2016. "IPOs in New Zealand: Valuation Multiples and Benchmark Adjusted Performance," Working Papers in Economics 16/32, University of Canterbury, Department of Economics and Finance.

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