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Insuring The Stewardship Of Bt Corn: 'A Carrot' Versus 'A Stick'

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  • Mitchell, Paul D.
  • Hurley, Terrance M.
  • Babcock, Bruce A.
  • Hellmich, Richard L.

Abstract

Subsidies and fines are compared to voluntary and mandatory refuge insurance (insurance for pest damage on Bt corn refuge) as mechanisms for securing grower compliance with EPA refuge mandates. A conceptual model partially ranks mechanisms. Tradeoffs between mechanisms using grower welfare, payments to growers, and monitoring frequency are quantified empirically. Grower welfare is lowest with mandatory insurance because growers pay all costs, and is highest with direct refuge subsidies because public funds or companies subsidize all costs. Assuming typical premium loads and ignoring distribution considerations, we develop monitoring budgets for fines and subsidies, above which voluntary or mandatory insurance is better.

Suggested Citation

  • Mitchell, Paul D. & Hurley, Terrance M. & Babcock, Bruce A. & Hellmich, Richard L., 2002. "Insuring The Stewardship Of Bt Corn: 'A Carrot' Versus 'A Stick'," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 27(2), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:jlaare:31127
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.31127
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David J. Pannell, 1991. "Pests and pesticides, risk and risk aversion," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 5(4), pages 361-383, August.
    2. Babcock, Bruce A. & Choi, E. Kwan & Feinerman, Eli, 1993. "Risk And Probability Premiums For Cara Utility Functions," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 18(1), pages 1-8, July.
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    8. David A. Hennessy, 1997. "Damage Control and Increasing Returns: Further Results," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 79(3), pages 786-791.
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    Cited by:

    1. Paul D. Mitchell & Terrance M. Hurley, 2006. "Adverse Selection, Moral Hazard, and Grower Compliance with Bt Corn Refuge," Natural Resource Management and Policy, in: Richard E. Just & Julian M. Alston & David Zilberman (ed.), Regulating Agricultural Biotechnology: Economics and Policy, chapter 0, pages 599-623, Springer.
    2. Ambec, Stefan & Desquilbet, Marion, 2006. "Pest Resistance Regulation and Pest Mobility," 2006 Annual meeting, July 23-26, Long Beach, CA 21134, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    3. Marion Desquilbet & Markus Herrmann, 2016. "The Dynamics of Pest Resistance Management: The Case of Refuge Fields for Bt Crops," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 64(2), pages 253-288, June.
    4. Stefan Ambec & Marion Desquilbet, 2012. "Regulation of a Spatial Externality: Refuges versus Tax for Managing Pest Resistance," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 51(1), pages 79-104, January.
    5. Yang, Juan & Mitchell, Paul D. & Gray, Michael & Steffey, Kevin, 2007. "Unbalanced Nested Component Error Model and the Value of Soil Insecticide and Bt Corn for Controlling Western Corn Rootworm," Staff Paper Series 510, University of Wisconsin, Agricultural and Applied Economics.
    6. Mitchell, Paul D. & Zhu, En (John), 2003. "Moral Hazard And Bt Corn Refuge," 2003 Annual meeting, July 27-30, Montreal, Canada 22113, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    7. František KOCOUREK & Jitka STARÁ, 2012. "Efficacy of Bt maize against European corn borer in Central Europe," Plant Protection Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 48(SpecialIs), pages 25-35.
    8. Matty Demont & Marie Cerovska & Wim Daems & Koen Dillen & József Fogarasi & Erik Mathijs & František Muška & Josef Soukup & Eric Tollens, 2008. "Ex Ante Impact Assessment under Imperfect Information: Biotechnology in New Member States of the EU," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(3), pages 463-486, September.

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