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Causes of police behavior revisited

Citations

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Cited by:

  1. Huff, Jessica, 2021. "Understanding police decisions to arrest: The impact of situational, officer, and neighborhood characteristics on police discretion," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
  2. MacDonald, John M. & Manz, Patrick W. & Alpert, Geoffrey P. & Dunham, Roger G., 2003. "Police use of force: examining the relationship between calls for service and the balance of police force and suspect resistance," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 119-127.
  3. Shamena Anwar & Hanming Fang, 2006. "An Alternative Test of Racial Prejudice in Motor Vehicle Searches: Theory and Evidence," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 96(1), pages 127-151, March.
  4. Brown, Robert A. & Novak, Kenneth J. & Frank, James, 2009. "Identifying variation in police officer behavior between juveniles and adults," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 200-208, March.
  5. Shjarback, John A. & Nix, Justin, 2020. "Considering violence against police by citizen race/ethnicity to contextualize representation in officer-involved shootings," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
  6. Weitzer, Ronald, 2000. "White, black, or blue cops? Race and citizen assessments of police officers," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 313-324.
  7. Kowalski, Brian R. & Lundman, Richard J., 2007. "Vehicle stops by police for driving while Black: Common problems and some tentative solutions," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 165-181.
  8. Lundman, Richard J., 2010. "Are police-reported driving while Black data a valid indicator of the race and ethnicity of the traffic law violators police stop? A negative answer with minor qualifications," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 77-87, January.
  9. Olugbenga Ajilore & Shane Shirey, 2017. "Do #AllLivesMatter? An Evaluation of Race and Excessive Use of Force by Police," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 45(2), pages 201-212, June.
  10. Spano, Richard & Reisig, Michael D., 2006. ""Drop the clipboard and help me!": The determinants of observer behavior in police encounters with suspects," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 619-629.
  11. Tillyer, Rob & Engel, Robin S. & Wooldredge, John, 2008. "The intersection of racial profiling research and the law," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 138-153, May.
  12. Stephen D. Mastrofski, 2004. "Controlling Street-Level Police Discretion," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 593(1), pages 100-118, May.
  13. Greg Ridgeway & Breanne Cave & Julie Grieco & Charles Loeffler, 2021. "A Conditional Likelihood Model of the Relationship Between Officer Features and Rounds Discharged in Police Shootings," Journal of Quantitative Criminology, Springer, vol. 37(1), pages 303-326, March.
  14. Bazley, Thomas D. & Lersch, Kim Michelle & Mieczkowski, Thomas, 2007. "Officer force versus suspect resistance: A gendered analysis of patrol officers in an urban police department," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 183-192.
  15. Lytle, Daniel J., 2014. "The Effects of Suspect Characteristics on Arrest: A Meta-Analysis," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 42(6), pages 589-597.
  16. Sun, Ivan Y., 2007. "Policing domestic violence: Does officer gender matter?," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 35(6), pages 581-595, December.
  17. Schafer, Joseph A. & Mastrofski, Stephen D., 2005. "Police leniency in traffic enforcement encounters: Exploratory findings from observations and interviews," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 33(3), pages 225-238.
  18. Cody Jorgensen, 2018. "Badges and Bongs: Police Officers’ Attitudes Toward Drugs," SAGE Open, , vol. 8(4), pages 21582440188, October.
  19. Jedidiah L. Knode & Travis M. Carter & Scott E. Wolfe, 2026. "Beyond Identification: A Problem-Oriented Approach to Diagnosing Racial Disparities in Policing," Journal of Quantitative Criminology, Springer, vol. 42(1), pages 61-90, March.
  20. Engel, Robin S. & Johnson, Richard, 2006. "Toward a better understanding of racial and ethnic disparities in search and seizure rates," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 605-617.
  21. Linda Zhao & Andrew V. Papachristos, 2020. "Network Position and Police Who Shoot," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 687(1), pages 89-112, January.
  22. Lundman, Richard J., 2009. "Officer gender and traffic ticket decisions: Police blue or women too?," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 342-352, July.
  23. Zhuoying Fan & Xuewei Zhang & Guangwen Song & Chunxia Zhang, 2025. "Factors influencing the spatial distribution of police stops and their efficacy in crime prevention and control," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-9, December.
  24. Ajilore, Olugbenga, 2017. "Is There a 1033 Effect? Police Militarization and Aggressive Policing," MPRA Paper 82543, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  25. Brandl, Steven G. & Stroshine, Meghan S. & Frank, James, 2001. "Who are the complaint-prone officers?: An examination of the relationship between police officers' attributes, arrest activity, assignment, and citizens' complaints about excessive force," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 29(6), pages 521-529.
  26. Sun, Ivan Y. & Payne, Brian K. & Wu, Yuning, 2008. "The impact of situational factors, officer characteristics, and neighborhood context on police behavior: A multilevel analysis," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 22-32, March.
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