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Demokratien und Krieg: Das Konfliktverhalten demokratischer Staaten im internationalen System, 1946-2001

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  • Chojnacki, Sven

Abstract

Herrschaftsform und Konfliktverhalten sind eng miteinander verknüpft. Auf der dyadischen Analyseebene kommt die Forschung zu einem robusten Ergebnis: Demokratien führen seit 1816 keine Kriege gegeneinander. Im Gegensatz dazu stehen die empirischen Erkenntnisse auf der monadischen Ebene. Demokratien sind demnach ähnlich häufig in militärische Konflikte und Kriege verwickelt wie nichtdemokratische Regime. Mehr noch: militärische Interventionen in laufende militärische Konfrontationen sind ein besonderes Konfliktmuster demokratischer Staaten im internationalen System, das von der Forschung zum demokratischen Frieden bislang systematisch vernachlässigt worden ist. Verbunden ist dies mit der Problematik, dass sich spätestens seit dem Ende des Ost-West-Konflikts ein neues Legitimations- und Begründungsmuster für die Anwendung von Gewalt durch Demokratien abzeichnet: Kriege und Interventionen im Namen der Menschenrechte und mit dem Ziel der Demokratisierung, die normativ über die unterstellte friedensstiftende Wirkung von Demokratien nach außen gerechtfertigt werden. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegende Analyse sind angesichts dieser Entwicklungen ernüchternd. Demokratien greifen nicht nur wie andere Herrschaftstypen auch auf das Mittel der Gewalt zurück, Demokratisierung als außenpolitische Strategie und handlungsanleitendes Leitmotiv erhöht sogar in vielen Fällen das Risiko des Krieges und die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Kriegsbeteiligung einzelner demokratischer Staaten.

Suggested Citation

  • Chojnacki, Sven, 2003. "Demokratien und Krieg: Das Konfliktverhalten demokratischer Staaten im internationalen System, 1946-2001," Discussion Papers, Research Group International Politics P 03-304, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:wzbipo:p03304
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    References listed on IDEAS

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