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Nonrandom Mixing Models of HIV Transmission

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Abstract

Models of HIV transmission and the AIDS epidemic generally assume random mixing among those infected with HIV and those who are not. For sexually transmitted HIV, this implies that individuals select sex partners without regard to attributes such as familiarity, attractiveness, or risk of infection. This paper formulates a model for examining the impact of nonrandom mixing on HIV transmission. We present threshold conditions that determine when HIV epidemics can occur within the framework of this model. Nonrandom mixing is introduced by assuming that sexually active individuals select sex partners to minimize the risk of infection. In addition to variability in risky sex rates, some versions of our model allow for error (or noise) in information exchanged between prospective partners. We investigate several models including random partner selection (or proportionate mixing), segregation of the population by risky sex rates, a probabilistic combination of segregation and random selection induced by imperfect information (or preferred mixing), and a model of costly search with perfect information. We develop examples which show that nonrandom mixing can lead to epidemics that are more severe or less severe than random mixing. For reasonable parameter choices describing the AIDS epidemic, however, the results suggest that random mixing models overstate the number of HIV infections that will occur.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Cramton & Edward Kaplan & A. David Paltiel, 1989. "Nonrandom Mixing Models of HIV Transmission," Papers of Peter Cramton 89aids, University of Maryland, Department of Economics - Peter Cramton, revised 09 Jun 1998.
    • Handle: RePEc:pcc:pccumd:89aids
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    File URL: https://www.cramton.umd.edu/papers1984-1989/89aids-nonrandom-mixing.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Valerie Isham, 1988. "Mathematical Modelling of the Transmission Dynamics of HIV Infection and AIDS: a Review," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 151(1), pages 5-30, January.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    AIDs; Random Mixing Models; Search Costs;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C15 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Statistical Simulation Methods: General
    • D83 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Search; Learning; Information and Knowledge; Communication; Belief; Unawareness
    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior

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