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Environment and Regional Trade Agreements: Emerging Trends and Policy Drivers

Author

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  • Clive George

    (University of Manchester)

Abstract

This report examines trends in the use of environmental provisions in Regional Trade Agreements and identifies factors which may explain the presence or absence of these provisions. The report builds on work of the OECD Joint Working Party on Trade and Environment (JWPTE) and includes results of an informal survey of delegates. Analysis of the environmental provisions in RTAs reveals an encouraging upward trend. While basic provisions remain the most common types found in RTAs, the incidence of more substantive provisions has increased significantly in recent years. Among these, environmental co-operation has been the most common type. Several factors may have contributed to this evolution. These include countries extending their political mandates for RTAs, for example to include provisions for compliance with multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs), as well as a general accumulation of experience with the use of environmental provisions.

Suggested Citation

  • Clive George, 2014. "Environment and Regional Trade Agreements: Emerging Trends and Policy Drivers," OECD Trade and Environment Working Papers 2014/2, OECD Publishing.
    • Handle: RePEc:oec:traaaa:2014/2-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz0v4q45g6h-en
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Noémie Laurens & Jean-Frédéric Morin, 2019. "Negotiating environmental protection in trade agreements: A regime shift or a tactical linkage?," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 19(6), pages 533-556, December.
    2. Elisabeth Christen & Klaus S. Friesenbichler & Alexander Hudetz & Claudia Kettner-Marx & Ina Meyer & Franz Sinabell, 2021. "Außenhandel und nachhaltige Entwicklung in Österreich. Befunde auf der Grundlage von vorliegenden Quellen," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 69290, April.
    3. Di Ubaldo, Mattia & Gasiorek, Michael, 2022. "Non-trade provisions in trade agreements and FDI," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    4. Martínez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada & Oueslati, Walid, 2016. "Are deep and comprehensive regional trade agreements helping to reduce air pollution?," University of Göttingen Working Papers in Economics 292, University of Goettingen, Department of Economics.
    5. Inmaculada Martínez-Zarzoso & Walid Oueslati, 2018. "Do deep and comprehensive regional trade agreements help in reducing air pollution?," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 18(6), pages 743-777, December.
    6. Aare Afe Babalola & Damilola S. Olawuyi, 2022. "Overcoming Regulatory Failure in the Design and Implementation of Gas Flaring Policies: The Potential and Promise of an Energy Justice Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-17, June.
    7. Monteiro, José-Antonio, 2016. "Typology of environment-related provisions in regional trade agreements," WTO Staff Working Papers ERSD-2016-13, World Trade Organization (WTO), Economic Research and Statistics Division.
    8. Berger, Axel & Brandi, Clara & Bruhn, Dominique & Chi, Manjiao, 2017. "Towards “greening” trade? Tracking environmental provisions in the preferential trade agreements of emerging markets," IDOS Discussion Papers 2/2017, German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS).
    9. Lili Yan Ing & Ralf Peters & Olivier Cadot, 2019. "Regional Integration and NTM in ASEAN," Books, Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA), number 2019-regional_integration, July.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    environmental provisions; free trade agreements; regional trade agreements; trade and environment; trade policy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F18 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Environment
    • N50 - Economic History - - Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment and Extractive Industries - - - General, International, or Comparative
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth

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