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The Economics and Politics of Transition to an Open Market Economy: China

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  • Wing Thye Woo

Abstract

China is considered to be a particularly successful example of a gradual approach to transition from a command economy to a market economy. This paper reviews the initial conditions, the calendar of reform steps, and the political preconditions for liberalisation. It argues that gradualism was rather the result of a political balancing act between orthodox and reform–minded elements in the Chinese Communist Party than a deliberate approach towards facilitating transition. Economic liberalisation was considered as an instrument for safeguarding the power of the Party, but opinions differed on the degree of liberalisation needed to achieve this goal. Thus, the pace and the direction of the reform process were very much a function of the composition of the leadership of the Party at any given time ... La Chine est considérée comme un exemple notoire de réussite d’une approche progressive de la transition d’une économie dirigée vers une économie de marché. Ce document passe en revue le contexte initial, les étapes de la réforme et les conditions politiques préalables à la libéralisation. Selon l’auteur, cette approche graduelle est davantage le résultat de fluctuations au sein du Parti communiste chinois entre les éléments orthodoxes et ceux ouverts à la réforme, que d’un choix délibéré destiné à faciliter la transition. La libéralisation économique est considérée comme un moyen de préserver le pouvoir du Parti, quoique les opinions divergent quant au degré de libéralisation nécessaire pour atteindre cet objectif. Aussi le rythme et les orientations de la réforme dépendent–ils largement de la composition de l’équipe dirigeante du Parti à chaque période considérée ...

Suggested Citation

  • Wing Thye Woo, 1999. "The Economics and Politics of Transition to an Open Market Economy: China," OECD Development Centre Working Papers 153, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:devaaa:153-en
    DOI: 10.1787/322178001745
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    Cited by:

    1. Warwick J. McKibbin & Wing Thye Woo, 2003. "The Consequences of China's WTO Accession for Its Neighbors," Asian Economic Papers, MIT Press, vol. 2(2), pages 1-38.
    2. Thierry Mayer, 2006. "Policy Coherence for Development : A Background paper on Foreign Direct Investment," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-01065640, HAL.
    3. Shen, Jim H. & Liu, Xiao Jie & Zhang, Jun, 2019. "Toward a unified theory of economic reform," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 318-333.
    4. Shiuh-Shen Chien, 2007. "Institutional Innovations, Asymmetric Decentralization, and Local Economic Development: A Case Study of Kunshan, in Post-Mao China," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 25(2), pages 269-290, April.
    5. repec:hal:wpspec:info:hdl:2441/10184 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. repec:spo:wpecon:info:hdl:2441/10184 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Simon, György, 2001. "Reform és növekedés Kínában [Reform and growth in China]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(7), pages 673-692.
    8. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/10184 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Soo Jung Kim & Sung Jin Kang & Tae Yong Jung & Shijun Cao, 2019. "China and Sustainable Development Performance in Economic Transition," Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies, Emerging Markets Forum, vol. 11(3), pages 149-164, September.

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