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Biodiversity Conservation in India: Mapping Key Sources and Quantum of Funds

Author

Listed:
  • Pandey, Rita

    (National Institute of Public Finance and Policy)

  • Gupta, Manish

    (National Institute of Public Finance and Policy)

  • Sachdeva, Paavani

    (University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign)

  • Singh, Abhishek

    (Fifteen Finance Commission)

Abstract

India being a signatory to CBD is mandated to achieve biodiversity targets according to a time line, which requires a credible action plan, funds, and a smart implementation strategy. While India has a National Biodiversity Action Plan, it lacks a Biodiversity Finance Policy/Plan - key to identifying, current funds flow, periodic and continuous additional finance needs as well as resource mobilization strategies. Biodiversity finance in India, is highly fragmented, lacks a clear policy and a road map. Multiple institutions are involved in directing finance often with overlapping functions and no systematic tracking. While a couple of studies have attempted to map the sources and quantum of funds towards biodiversity conservation, there is no comprehensive estimate of total budgetary funding in India for this purpose. This paper not only fills this gap but also estimates the flow of funds from externally aided projects and from corporate sector through CSR and other compliance mandates. The paper uses a modified `Rio-marker' methodology and `Budgetary data on Actual Expenditure' on biodiversity in the analysis thus contributes to both theoretical and empirical literature on the subject. The analysis shows that the majority of BD management is through government Budget support, supplemented by externally aided projects, corporate sector, and Civil Society. The paper shows that a template for tracking and tagging biodiversity expenditure is necessary in institutionalizing this process and thus moving towards a credible biodiversity finance plan.

Suggested Citation

  • Pandey, Rita & Gupta, Manish & Sachdeva, Paavani & Singh, Abhishek, 2020. "Biodiversity Conservation in India: Mapping Key Sources and Quantum of Funds," Working Papers 20/311, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.
    • Handle: RePEc:npf:wpaper:20/311
    Note: Working Paper 311, 2020
    as

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    File URL: https://www.nipfp.org.in/media/medialibrary/2020/07/WP_311_2020.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sacchidananda Mukherjee, 2020. "Goods and Services Tax efficiency across Indian States: panel stochastic frontier analysis," Indian Economic Review, Springer, vol. 55(2), pages 225-251, December.
    2. Bhattacharya, Tania & Bhattacharya, Anindya, 2019. "Financing biodiversity action plan using state appropriation account analysis: A case study of an Indian state," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 39(C).
    3. Shah, Ajay, 2020. "Responding to the new coronavirus: An Indian policy perspective," Working Papers 20/309, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.
    4. Pandey, Rita & Kedia, Shailly & Malhotra, Anuja, 2020. "Addressing Air Quality Spurts due to Crop Stubble Burning during COVID19 Pandemic: A case of Punjab," Working Papers 20/308, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Honey Karun & Hrishikesh Vinod & Chakraborty, Lekha S., 2020. "Did public investment crowd out private investment in India?," Working Papers 20/312, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.
    2. Chakraborty, Lekha S. & Thomas, Emmanuel & Gandhi, Piyush, 2020. "Natural Resources Revenue Buoyancy in India: Empirical Evidence From State-specific Mining Regime," Working Papers 20/313, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Biodiversity financing ; government expenditure ; sub-national governments ; Maharashtra ; India;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q5 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics

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