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Gender, land, and water: from reform to counter-reform in Latin America

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  • Deere, C. D.
  • Leon, M.

Abstract

Rural women did not fare very well inthe land reforms carried out during the Latin American“reformist period” of the 1960s and 1970s, with womenbeing under-represented among the beneficiaries. It isargued that women have been excluded from access toand control over water for similar reasons that theywere excluded from access to land during thesereforms. The paper also investigates the extent towhich women have gained or lost access to land duringthe “counter-reforms” of the 1980s and 1990s. Underthe neo-liberal agenda, production cooperatives aswell as communal access to land have largely beenundermined in favor of privatization and theindividual parcelization of collectives. Significantland titling efforts are also being carried outthroughout the region to promote the development of avigorous land market. This latter period has also beencharacterized by the growth of the feminist movementthroughout Latin America and a growing commitment bystates to gender equity. The paper reviews the extentto which rural women‘s access to land and, thus, waterhas potentially been enhanced by recent changes inagrarian and legal codes. Copyright Kluwer Academic Publishers 1998
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Suggested Citation

  • Deere, C. D. & Leon, M., 1998. "Gender, land, and water: from reform to counter-reform in Latin America," IWMI Books, Reports H021518, International Water Management Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:iwt:bosers:h021518
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Carmen Diana Deere, 1995. "What difference does gender make? Rethinking peasant studies," Feminist Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 1(1), pages 53-72.
    2. Zwarteveen, Margreet Z., 1997. "Water: From basic need to commodity: A discussion on gender and water rights in the context of irrigation," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 25(8), pages 1335-1349, August.
    3. Krawczyk, Miriam, 1993. "Women in the region: major changes," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), April.
    4. Deere, Carmen Diana, 1985. "Rural women and state policy: The Latin American agrarian reform experience," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 13(9), pages 1037-1053, September.
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    2. Frances Cleaver, 1999. "Paradoxes of participation: questioning participatory approaches to development," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 11(4), pages 597-612.
    3. Braaten, Ragnhild Haugli, 2014. "Land Rights and Community Cooperation," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 127-141.
    4. Karl Zimmerer, 2003. "Just small potatoes (and ulluco)? The use of seed-size variation in “native commercialized” agriculture and agrobiodiversity conservation among Peruvian farmers," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 20(2), pages 107-123, June.

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