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The Distributional Impacts of Early Employment Losses from COVID-19

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  • Cho, Seung Jin
  • Winters, John V.

Abstract

COVID-19 substantially decreased employment, but the effects vary among demographic and socioeconomic groups. We document the employment losses in April 2020 across various groups using the U.S. Current Population Survey. The unemployment rate understates employment losses. We focus on the percentage of the civilian population that is employed and at work. Young persons experienced the largest employment losses. Individuals with less education and lower family income experienced much larger employment losses than their more educated and higher income counterparts. Hispanics and blacks were more adversely affected than whites.

Suggested Citation

  • Cho, Seung Jin & Winters, John V., 2020. "The Distributional Impacts of Early Employment Losses from COVID-19," ISU General Staff Papers 202005270700001105, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:isu:genstf:202005270700001105
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    Cited by:

    1. Ahn, Kunwon & Lee, Jun Yeong & Winters, John V., 2020. "Employment Opportunities and High School Completion during the COVID-19 Recession," IZA Discussion Papers 13802, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Vanda Almeida & Salvador Barrios & Michael Christl & Silvia Poli & Alberto Tumino & Wouter Wielen, 2021. "The impact of COVID-19 on households´ income in the EU," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 19(3), pages 413-431, September.
    3. Ashwini Deshpande & Rajesh Ramachandran, 2020. "Is COVID-19 'The Great Leveler'? The Critical Role of Social Identity in Lockdown- induced Job Losses," Working Papers 34, Ashoka University, Department of Economics.
    4. Eliason, Marcus, 2021. "The unequal(?) burden of unemployment in Sweden during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic," Working Paper Series 2021:14, IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy.
    5. Mohamed Ali Marouani & Phuong Le Minh, 2020. "The first victims of Covid-19 in developing countries? The most vulnerable workers to the lockdown of the Tunisian economy," Working Papers DT/2020/06, DIAL (Développement, Institutions et Mondialisation).
    6. Chen-Ti Chen & Tao Xiong & Wendong Zhang, 2020. "Large Hog Companies Gain from China's Ongoing African Swine Fever," Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) Publications apr-spring-2020-5, Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) at Iowa State University.
    7. Betcherman, Gordon & Giannakopoulos, Nicholas & Laliotis, Ioannis & Pantelaiou, Ioanna & Testaverde, Mauro & Tzimas, Giannis, 2020. "Reacting quickly and protecting jobs: The short-term impacts of the COVID-19 lockdown on the Greek labor market," GLO Discussion Paper Series 613, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    8. Yulong Chen & Liyuan Ma & Peter F. Orazem, 2020. "Does Rural Broadband Expansion Encourage Firm Entry?," Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) Publications apr-spring-2020-4, Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) at Iowa State University.
    9. Cho, Seung Jin & Lee, Jun Yeong & Winters, John V., 2020. "COVID-19 Employment Status Impacts on Food Sector Workers," ISU General Staff Papers 202006080700001107, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    10. Hakan Yilmazkuday, 2020. "COVID‐19 and unequal social distancing across demographic groups," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 12(6), pages 1235-1248, December.
    11. Hakan Yilmazkuday, 2020. "Unequal unemployment effects of COVID-19 and monetary policy across U.S. States," Journal of Behavioral Economics for Policy, Society for the Advancement of Behavioral Economics (SABE), vol. 4(S3), pages 45-53, December.
    12. Seung Jin Cho & Jun Yeong Lee & John V. Winters, 2020. "Rural Areas and Middle America See Smaller Employment Losses from COVID-19," Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) Publications apr-spring-2020-1, Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) at Iowa State University.
    13. Erick Rangel González & Irving Llamosas-Rosas & Sara Hutchinson Tovar, 2024. "Analysis of the initial effects of COVID-19 on jobs affiliated to IMSS, at the national and regional level, by sex and age groups," Working Papers 2024-08, Banco de México.
    14. Xi He & Wendong Zhang, 2020. "Implications of Hong Kong's Special Status Revocation for Agricultural Trade between the United States, Hong Kong, and Mainland China," Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) Publications apr-spring-2020-2, Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) at Iowa State University.
    15. Seung Jin Cho & Jun Yeong Lee & John V. Winters, 2021. "Employment impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic across metropolitan status and size," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(4), pages 1958-1996, December.
    16. Minoru Higa & Carlos Ospino & Fernando Aragon, 2023. "The persistent effects of COVID-19 on labour outcomes: evidence from Peru," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(8), pages 1065-1076, May.
    17. Lee L. Schulz & Chad Hart, 2020. "Agriculture under the Specter of COVID-19," Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) Publications apr-spring-2020-3, Center for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) at Iowa State University.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • I1 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health
    • J1 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics
    • J2 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor

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