Risks and vulnerabilities in the EU food supply chain

This study investigates the risks and vulnerabilities affecting food supply and food security in the EU, including differences across Member States, sectors and stages of the EU food supply chain. The study uses data from a systematic literature review, semi-structured interviews and an online survey of key stakeholders, and employs qualitative and quantitative methods to analyse risks and vulnerabilities. It finds that the EU food supply chain faces a broad range of risks and sheds light on the factors that make it vulnerable to these risks. The analysis identifies key characteristics of risks, such as origin, time horizon, likelihood of occurrence, potential impact and exposure. Key risks to food supply and food security are highlighted, as are the main risks threatening different Member States (including the outermost regions) and the different sectors and stages of the EU food supply chain. Emerging risks that warrant further attention are also identified. The study provides a basis for strategic decision-making by highlighting the sources of risks and potential areas of intervention to reduce the vulnerabilities of the food supply chain. Its findings will support EU policymakers, particularly within the European Food Security Crisis Preparedness and Response Mechanism, in improving the preparedness of the EU food supply chain for future crises.