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Foreign Exchange Intervention: A Dataset of Public Data and Proxies

Author

Listed:
  • Gustavo Adler
  • Kyun Suk Chang
  • Rui Mano
  • Yuting Shao

Abstract

A better understanding of foreign exchange intervention (FXI) is often hindered by the lack of data. This paper provides a new dataset of FXI covering a large number of countries since 2000 at monthly and quarterly frequencies. It includes published official data for about 40 countries as well as carefully constructed estimates for 122 countries. Estimates account for a wide range of central bank operations, including both spot and derivative transactions. These estimates improve upon traditional proxies based on changes in reserves, by adjusting for valuation changes, income flows, and changes in other foreign-currency balance sheet positions (both vis-à-vis residents and non-residents)—the first estimates to do the latter to our knowledge—thus providing a more accurate measure of operations that change the central bank’s foreign currency position. The dataset also provides a classification of FXI operations into sterilized or not sterilized, a key dimension for economic analysis. Finally, the paper discusses the merits of the new estimates relative to traditional proxies, and presents stylized facts. The dataset is updated regularly. Data available through the link above.

Suggested Citation

  • Gustavo Adler & Kyun Suk Chang & Rui Mano & Yuting Shao, 2021. "Foreign Exchange Intervention: A Dataset of Public Data and Proxies," IMF Working Papers 2021/047, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2021/047
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. David Castañeda-Arévalo & Fredy Gamboa-Estrada, 2021. "Los determinantes de la liquidez en Colombia: un análisis del mercado de divisas de contado," Borradores de Economia 1185, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    2. Cezar, Rafael & Monnet, Eric, 2023. "Capital controls and foreign reserves against external shocks: Combined or alone?," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    3. M. Ramachandran, 2023. "Official Intervention, Reserve Accumulation and Exchange Rate Volatility," Journal of Quantitative Economics, Springer;The Indian Econometric Society (TIES), vol. 21(2), pages 269-287, June.
    4. Marcel Fratzscher & Tobias Heidland & Lukas Menkhoff & Lucio Sarno & Maik Schmeling, 2023. "Foreign Exchange Intervention: A New Database," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 71(4), pages 852-884, December.
    5. Aftab, Muhammad & Phylaktis, Kate, 2022. "Economic integration and exchange market pressure in a policy uncertain world," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    6. Alain Naef, 2020. "Blowing against the Wind? A Narrative Approach to Central Bank Foreign Exchange Intervention," Working Papers 0188, European Historical Economics Society (EHES).
    7. Adler, Gustavo & Chang, Kyun Suk & Wang, Zijiao, 2021. "Patterns of foreign exchange intervention under inflation targeting," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, vol. 2(4).
    8. Gamboa-Estrada, Fredy & Romero, José Vicente, 2022. "Common and idiosyncratic movements in Latin-American exchange rates," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 174-190.
    9. Arslanalp, Serkan & Eichengreen, Barry & Simpson-Bell, Chima, 2022. "The stealth erosion of dollar dominance and the rise of nontraditional reserve currencies," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    10. Vanessa Olakemi Dovonou, 2023. "Trilemma revisited with dollar dominance in trade and finance," Working Papers 2023.05, International Network for Economic Research - INFER.
    11. Aslam, Maqsood & Farvaque, Etienne, 2022. "Once bitten, twice bold? Early life tragedy and central bankers’ reaction to COVID-19," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 44(C).
    12. Bergant, Katharina & Forbes, Kristin, 2023. "Policy packages and policy space: Lessons from COVID-19☆," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    13. Lodge, David & Manu, Ana-Simona & Van Robays, Ine, 2023. "China’s footprint in global financial markets," Working Paper Series 2861, European Central Bank.

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