The Implications of Financial Exclusion in Morocco on the Environment: An Analysis through the Application of Grounded Theory[Les répercussions de l’exclusion financière au Maroc sur l’environnement : analyse à travers l’application de la théorie enracinée]

In 2015, Morocco launched an initiative to promote access to basic financial services for households and businesses, including opening bank accounts, accessing loans, savings, and insurance, as part of its national financial inclusion strategy. However, financial exclusion remains a major challenge, with various factors and obstacles hindering this objective. This study aims to explore these factors of financial exclusion in Morocco in depth and understand their impact on the environment. Our research approach relies on the application of grounded theory, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. We conducted a two-month study (April and May 2023) using questionnaires and semistructured interviews with the Moroccan population aged 18 and above. Data analysis was performed using software such as SPSS and N'vivo. The results highlight several contributing factors to financial exclusion, including distrust in financial institutions, low levels of education and financial literacy, as well as the lack of financial products and services tailored to individual and environmental needs, such as financing for environmental preservation projects.To overcome these obstacles, it is crucial to develop financial education programs and enhance transparency and accountability in financial institutions. Additionally, creating financial products and services that address environmental needs can have a positive impact on both financial inclusion and environmental conservation in Morocco.