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How effective are bad bank resolutions? New evidence from Europe

Author

Listed:
  • Michael Brei

    (LEM - Lille économie management - UMR 9221 - UA - Université d'Artois - UCL - Université catholique de Lille - ULCO - Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale - Université de Lille - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Leonardo Gambacorta

    (BIS - Bank for International Settlements, CEPR)

  • Marcella Lucchetta

    (Department of Economics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice)

  • Bruno Maria Parigi

    (Department of Economics and Management, University of Padua)

Abstract

The paper studies the effectiveness of bank resolutions using a comprehensive database on banks headquartered in 18 European countries over the period 2000–19. By means of difference-in-differences methodology, we find that impaired asset segregations – otherwise known as bad banks – have been more effective than state-funded recapitalisations of distressed banks. While recapitalised banks seem to have used the injected funds mainly to clean up their balance sheets by reducing problem loans and cutting down on lending, banks that segregated assets increased progressively their lending after the creation of the bad bank. For both types of banking crisis interventions, we find a significant ex-post reduction in the cost of bank funding and shift towards deposit funding.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Brei & Leonardo Gambacorta & Marcella Lucchetta & Bruno Maria Parigi, 2023. "How effective are bad bank resolutions? New evidence from Europe," Post-Print hal-04272198, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04272198
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jfs.2023.101153
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    Cited by:

    1. Borsuk, Marcin & Przeworska, Joanna & Saunders, Anthony & Serwa, Dobromił, 2024. "The macroeconomic costs of the bank tax," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    2. Segura, Anatoli & Suarez, Javier, 2023. "Bank restructuring under asymmetric information: The role of bad loan sales," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    3. Emilio Barucci & Andrea Gurgone & Giulia Iori & Michele Azzone, 2025. "Central Bank Digital Currency, Flight-to-Quality, and Bank-Runs in an Agent-Based Model," Papers 2510.21071, arXiv.org, revised Oct 2025.
    4. Moretto, Michele & Parigi, Bruno M., 2025. "The impact of calendar provisioning on bank strategies," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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