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La dynamique des écarts de revenu sur le territoire métropolitain (1984-2002)

Author

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  • Luc Behaghel

    (LEA - Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique)

Abstract

La stabilité globale des écarts de revenu (après transferts et avant impôt) observée en France, entre 1984 et 2002, masque des évolutions significatives au sein du territoire. Tout d'abord, hors Île-de-France, l'écart se résorbe systématiquement entre pôles urbains, d'une part, et entre espaces périurbain et rural, d'autre part. Ensuite, au sein de ces trois différents espaces, les inégalités semblent prendre des trajectoires différentes : elles croissent davantage dans les pôles urbains que dans les communes des espaces périurbain et rural. Le rattrapage effectué par les espaces périurbain et rural s'explique statistiquement par la convergence des trois types d'espaces en termes de composition socioprofessionnelle et par le fait que les statuts d'emploi évoluent plus favorablement pour les ménages périurbains et ruraux que pour les ménages des pôles urbains. Il est plus difficile de rendre compte statistiquement des évolutions contrastées de la dispersion des revenus au sein de chaque espace : ces évolutions sont plus ténues, plus erratiques et la part attribuée aux différentes composantes dépend de l'ordre dans laquelle la décomposition est menée. Un résultat ressort néanmoins avec robustesse : la tendance plus inégalitaire au sein des pôles urbains tient en partie à la composition de plus en plus contrastée de la population en termes de catégories socioprofessionnelles et d'accès à l'emploi.

Suggested Citation

  • Luc Behaghel, 2008. "La dynamique des écarts de revenu sur le territoire métropolitain (1984-2002)," Post-Print hal-02654572, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02654572
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    1. Oaxaca, Ronald, 1973. "Male-Female Wage Differentials in Urban Labor Markets," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 14(3), pages 693-709, October.
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    3. Luc Behaghel, 2006. "La dynamique des inégalités de revenu en France rurale et urbaine (1984-2002)," Research Unit Working Papers 0611, Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquee, INRA.
    4. Alan S. Blinder, 1973. "Wage Discrimination: Reduced Form and Structural Estimates," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 8(4), pages 436-455.
    5. Thomas Le Jeannic, 1996. "Une nouvelle approche territoriale de la ville," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 294(1), pages 25-45.
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