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Reorganizing global supply-chains: Who, What, How, and Where

Author

Listed:
  • Gabriel Baratte

    (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris)

  • Lionel Fontagné

    (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris)

  • Raphaël Lafrogne-Joussier

    (INSEE - Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE))

Abstract

In an ever-evolving business environment, firms are differently exposed to shocks and may or may not bear the costs of reorganizing their value chain by reshoring or offshoring. This paper studies the prevalence and modalities of such reorganizations, based on a survey of French firms on the decision to reorganize part of their value chain between January 2018 and December 2020. Such decisions turn out to be rare, carried out by firms with a higher share of skilled workers, in manufacturing rather than in services, and dominated by multinational firms. Although high-skilled firms reorganize more, the reorganized business functions are less skill-intensive and more intensive in routine tasks. Activities that are more intangibles-intensive are more likely to be reorganized within the firm. Finally, apart from reshoring in France, activities that are offshored are located close to France. India, which combines low average wages with a large pool of highly skilled labor, receives a disproportionate share of skill-intensive activities.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriel Baratte & Lionel Fontagné & Raphaël Lafrogne-Joussier, 2025. "Reorganizing global supply-chains: Who, What, How, and Where," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) halshs-05368363, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:cesptp:halshs-05368363
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107155
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    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • L10 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - General
    • L23 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Organization of Production

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