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Empleo Femenino, Pobreza y Desigualdad: Un Análisis de Microdescomposiciones. Uruguay 1991- 2012

Author

Listed:
  • Cecilia Parada

    (CEDLAS-UNLP-CONICET)

Abstract

En este trabajo se estudia el efecto del aumento del empleo femenino sobre la distribucion del ingreso en Uruguay entre 1991 y 2012, en particular se analizan los efectos sobre la desigualdad y la pobreza. Se aplica la metodologia de microdescomposicon propuesta por Bourguignon et al. (1998), la cual permite capturar en forma parcial el efecto del aumento de la tasa de empleo femenina. Esta metodologia permite distinguir el efecto generado por cambios en la condicion de empleo (estar o no empleado -efecto estado-) y el producido por modicaciones en las horas trabajadas -efecto horas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que, a pesar de no ocupar un lugar central cuando se busca explicar la evolucion de la distribucion del ingreso, el aumento del empleo femenino ha tenido efectos signicativos, no solo del punto de vista estadistico. En este sentido, los cambios en el empleo femenino contribuyeron en todo momento a reducir los niveles de pobreza y, si bien tuvo resultados modestos sobre la desconcentracion del ingreso al inicio del periodo, estos fueron mas acentuados hacia el final del mismo. En ambos casos, el efecto horas fue mas importante al momento de explicar la caida de los indicadores de distriucion que el efecto estado.

Suggested Citation

  • Cecilia Parada, 2014. "Empleo Femenino, Pobreza y Desigualdad: Un Análisis de Microdescomposiciones. Uruguay 1991- 2012," CEDLAS, Working Papers 0174, CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
    • Handle: RePEc:dls:wpaper:0174
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    JEL classification:

    • C15 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Statistical Simulation Methods: General
    • C24 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Truncated and Censored Models; Switching Regression Models; Threshold Regression Models
    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure

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