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Firm productivity, wages, and agglomeration externalities

Author

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  • Marcel Fafchamps
  • Said El Hamine

Abstract

This paper investigates the existence of local externalities in manufacturing. In contrast to many other studies that focus on aggregate employment growth, we examine the effect of externalities occur through both productivity and wage effects, returns to specialisation are strong and large in magnitude. In accordance with the views of Marshall, Arrow and Romer, the net effect of competition have higher revenues and pay lower wages. Competition tends to lower wages, however, probably because of thick labor market externalities. We also find some limited evidence in favour of the diversity argument put forth by Jacobs.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcel Fafchamps & Said El Hamine, 2004. "Firm productivity, wages, and agglomeration externalities," CSAE Working Paper Series 2004-32, Centre for the Study of African Economies, University of Oxford.
    • Handle: RePEc:csa:wpaper:2004-32
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    Cited by:

    1. Mendola, Mariapia, 2017. "International migration and informal social protection in rural Mozambique," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(2), pages 282-290.
    2. Marco Sanfilippo & Adnan Seric, 2016. "Spillovers from agglomerations and inward FDI: a multilevel analysis on sub-Saharan African firms," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 152(1), pages 147-176, February.
    3. Timo Mitze & Teemu Makkonen, 2020. "When interaction matters: the contingent effects of spatial knowledge spillovers and internal R&I on firm productivity," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 45(4), pages 1088-1120, August.
    4. Joseph Mawejje & Ibrahim Mike Okumu, 2018. "Wages and Labour Productivity in African Manufacturing," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 30(4), pages 386-398, December.
    5. Jörg Peters & Maximiliane Sievert & Christoph Strupat, 2015. "Impacts of a Micro-Enterprise Clustering Programme on Firm Performance in Ghana," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 27(1), pages 99-121, January.
    6. Mohamed Amara, 2023. "Agglomeration and firm performance in times of economic turmoil: Evidence from Tunisian firm‐level data," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 54(2), pages 446-481, June.
    7. Kenichi Kashiwagi & Erina Iwasaki, 2020. "Effect of agglomeration on technical efficiency of small and medium‐sized garment firms in Egypt," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 32(1), pages 14-26, March.
    8. Karim Badr & Reham Rizk & Chahir Zaki, 2019. "Firm productivity and agglomeration economies: evidence from Egyptian data," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(51), pages 5528-5544, November.
    9. Bigsten, Arne & Gebreeyesus, Mulu & Siba, Eyerusalem & Soderbom, Måns, 2012. "Enterprise Agglomeration, Output Prices, and Physical Productivity: Firm-Level Evidence from Ethiopia," WIDER Working Paper Series 085, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    10. Wei Han & Ying Zhang & Jianming Cai & Enpu Ma, 2019. "Does Urban Industrial Agglomeration Lead to the Improvement of Land Use Efficiency in China? An Empirical Study from a Spatial Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-22, February.
    11. Ilyes Boumahdi & Nouzha Zaoujal & Abdellali Fadlallah, 2021. "Is there a relationship between industrial clusters and the prevalence of COVID‐19 in the provinces of Morocco?," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(S1), pages 138-157, November.
    12. Jörg Peters & Maximiliane Sievert & Christoph Strupat, 2013. "Impacts of a Micro-Enterprise Clustering Program on Firm Performance in Ghana," Ruhr Economic Papers 0407, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Dortmund, Universität Duisburg-Essen.
    13. Carlos Carreira & Luís Lopes, 2020. "How are the potential gains from economic activity transmitted to the labour factor: more employment or more wages? Evidence from the Portuguese context," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 12(2), pages 319-348, April.
    14. Eyerusalem Siba & Måns Söderbom & Arne Bigsten & Mulu Gebreeyesus, 2020. "The relationship among enterprise clustering, prices, and productivity in Ethiopia’s manufacturing sector," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(3), pages 831-854, August.
    15. Ridhwan, Masagus M., 2021. "Spatial wage differentials and agglomeration externalities: Evidence from Indonesian microdata," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 573-591.
    16. Kenichi Kashiwagi & Erina Iwasaki, 2024. "Industrial linkage, vertical integration and firm performance: evidence from textile and garment industry in Egypt," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 58(1), pages 803-828, February.
    17. John Rand & Finn Tarp & Neda Trifković & Helge Zille, 2019. "Industrial agglomeration in Myanmar," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2019-3, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    18. Etro, Federico, 2017. "Research in economics and macroeconomics," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(3), pages 373-383.

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